Shloka 68
पापात्म-धर्मात्म-लक्षणम् तथा निर्वेदेन मोक्षमार्गः | Marks of the Sinful and the Righteous; Dispassion (Nirveda) as a Path to Liberation
Devanagari script
गाथाश्षाप्यब्रवीद् विद्वान् गौतमो मुनिसत्तम: । चिरकारिषु धीरेषु गुणोद्देशसमाश्रया:
Translation
Thereafter the wise Gautama, foremost of sages, recited certain gāthās. They concerned the virtues found in steadfast men who act only after long reflection, and they are as follows:
Word by Word
गाथाःverses, songs
गाथाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगाथा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अब्रवीत्said, spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
विद्वान्learned (one)
विद्वान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविद्वस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गौतमःGautama
गौतमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगौतम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मुनिसत्तमःbest of sages
मुनिसत्तमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमुनि-सत्तम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चिरकारिषुamong long-deliberating/slow-acting (persons)
चिरकारिषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootचिरकारिन्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
धीरेषुamong the steadfast/wise
धीरेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootधीर
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
गुणोद्देशसमाश्रयाःresting on/connected with the enumeration of virtues
गुणोद्देशसमाश्रयाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootगुण-उद्देश-समाश्रय
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes