Shloka 11
कालनियमः शोकशमनं च
Kāla as Regulator; Pacification of Grief
Devanagari script
तत्रोत्तरां गतिं पार्थ प्रशंसन्ति पुराविद: । संतोषो वै स्वर्गतम: संतोष: परमं सुखम्,'पार्थ! प्राचीन इतिहासको जाननेवाले लोग इन दोनों मार्गोमेंसे उत्तर मार्गकी प्रशंसा करते हैं। वास्तवमें संतोष ही सबसे बढ़कर स्वर्ग है और संतोष ही सबसे बड़ा सुख है
Translation
Vaiśampāyana said: “O Pārtha, those who know the ancient lore praise, of the two paths, the northern one. Truly, contentment (santoṣa) is the highest heaven, and contentment is the supreme happiness.”
Word by Word
तत्रthere; in that matter
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
उत्तराम्higher; superior
उत्तराम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तरा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
गतिम्path; course; way
गतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
पार्थO Partha (Arjuna)
पार्थ:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्रशंसन्तिpraise; commend
प्रशंसन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-शंस्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
पुराविदःknowers of ancient lore/history
पुराविदः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुराविद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
संतोषःcontentment
संतोषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंतोष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वैindeed; surely
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
स्वर्गतमःthe highest heaven; most heavenly (i.e., best as heaven)
स्वर्गतमः:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वर्गतम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Superlative
संतोषःcontentment
संतोषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंतोष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
परमम्supreme; highest
परमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सुखम्happiness; ease
सुखम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुख
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Cross References
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes