Shloka 35
Adhyāya 240: Indriya–Manas–Buddhi–Ātman — The Inner Hierarchy and Restraint (इन्द्रिय-मनस्-बुद्धि-आत्म-क्रमः)
अजं पुराणमजरं सनातन यदिन्द्रियेरुपलभेत निश्चलै: । अणोरणीयो महतो महत्तरं तदात्मना पश्यति मुक्तमात्मवान्,सत्त्वसंसेवनाद धीरो निद्रामुच्छेत्तुमरहति । विद्वानोंने योगके जो काम, क्रोध, लोभ, भय और पाँचवाँ स्वप्र--ये पाँच दोष बताये हैं उनका पूर्णतया उच्छेद करे। इनमेंसे क्रोधको शम (मनोनिग्रह) के द्वारा जीते, कामको संकल्पके त्यागद्वारा पराजित करे तथा धीर पुरुष सत्वगुणका सेवन करनेसे निद्राका उच्छेद कर सकता है जिसने अपने मनको वशगमें कर लिया है, वही योगी निश्चल मन, बुद्धि और इन्द्रियोंद्वारा जिसकी उपलब्धि होती है, उस अजन्मा, पुरातन, अजर, सनातन, नित्यमुक्त, अणुसे भी अणु और महानसे भी महान् परमात्माका आत्मासे अनुभव करता है
ajaṁ purāṇam ajaraṁ sanātanaṁ yad indriyaiḥ upalabheta niścalaiḥ | aṇor aṇīyo mahato mahattaraṁ tad ātmanā paśyati muktam ātmavān | sattva-saṁsevanād dhīro nidrām ucchettum arhati | vidvān yogake ye kāma-krodha-lobha-bhayaṁ pañcamaṁ svapnam—ime pañca doṣāḥ—tān pūrṇatayā ucchindhyāt | teṣu krodhaṁ śamena jayet, kāmaṁ saṅkalpa-tyāgena parājayet; tathā dhīraḥ sattva-guṇa-sevanena nidrāyā ucchedaṁ karoti | yaḥ sva-manaḥ vaśaṁ nītaḥ sa eva yogī niścalena manasā buddhyā indriyaiś ca yasyopalabdhiḥ, taṁ ajanmānaṁ purātanam ajaram sanātanaṁ nitya-muktaṁ aṇor api aṇīyāṁsaṁ mahato 'pi mahāntaṁ paramātmānam ātmanā anubhavati ||
Vyāsa says: The self-controlled yogin, with mind, intellect, and senses made steady, realizes within himself that Supreme Self—unborn, ancient, undecaying, eternal, ever-free—subtler than the subtlest and greater than the greatest. Therefore the wise should completely cut off the five faults taught for yoga: desire, anger, greed, fear, and sleep/delusion. Let him conquer anger through calm restraint (śama), overcome desire by abandoning compulsive resolve (saṅkalpa), and, by cultivating sattva, become fit to dispel sleep; having mastered his mind, he directly experiences the Supreme by the Self.
व्यास उवाच
Educational Q&A
Liberation is gained through steady mind, intellect, and senses, enabling direct realization of the unborn, eternal Supreme Self. Practically, the aspirant must eradicate five yogic defects—desire, anger, greed, fear, and sleep/torpor—by calm restraint (for anger), renunciation of binding resolve (for desire), and cultivation of sattva (to dispel sleep and dullness).
In the Śānti Parva’s mokṣa-oriented instruction, Vyāsa delivers a teaching on yogic discipline: he describes the nature of the Supreme Self and then prescribes ethical-psychological practices for the seeker—conquering inner enemies and cultivating sattva—so that realization becomes possible.