Shloka 30
Adhyāya 240: Indriya–Manas–Buddhi–Ātman — The Inner Hierarchy and Restraint (इन्द्रिय-मनस्-बुद्धि-आत्म-क्रमः)
यश्लेनमभिनन्देत यश्नैनमपवादयेत् । समस्तयोश्षाप्यु भयोनाभिध्यायेच्छुभाशुभम्,सत्त्वसंसेवनाद धीरो निद्रामुच्छेत्तुमरहति । विद्वानोंने योगके जो काम, क्रोध, लोभ, भय और पाँचवाँ स्वप्र--ये पाँच दोष बताये हैं उनका पूर्णतया उच्छेद करे। इनमेंसे क्रोधको शम (मनोनिग्रह) के द्वारा जीते, कामको संकल्पके त्यागद्वारा पराजित करे तथा धीर पुरुष सत्वगुणका सेवन करनेसे निद्राका उच्छेद कर सकता है जो उसकी प्रशंसा करे और जो उसकी निन्दा करे, उन दोनोंमें वह समान भाव रकक््खे, एककी भलाई या दूसरेकी बुराई न सोचे
yaś cainam abhinandet yaś cainam apavādayet | samas tayoś cāpy ubhayo nābhidhyāyec chubhāśubham | sattva-saṁsevanād dhīro nidrām ucchettum arhati | vidvān yogeṣu kāma-krodha-lobha-bhayaṁ pañcamaṁ svapnam iti pañca doṣān āhuḥ; tān samyag ucchedayet | krodhaṁ śamena jayet, kāmaṁ saṅkalpa-tyāgena parājayet ||
Vyāsa said: One should remain even-minded toward both the person who praises him and the person who censures him, not brooding on the ‘good’ in one or the ‘bad’ in the other. A steadfast man, by cultivating sattva (clarity and balance), is fit to cut off sleep. The wise, in the discipline of yoga, speak of five faults—desire, anger, greed, fear, and as the fifth, sleep/dreaming; one should uproot them completely. Let anger be conquered by self-restraint, and desire be overcome by abandoning compulsive intentions and imaginings.
व्यास उवाच
Educational Q&A
Maintain equanimity toward praise and blame, and uproot inner faults—desire, anger, greed, fear, and sleep/dreaming—through yogic discipline: anger by śama (self-restraint) and desire by abandoning saṅkalpa (compulsive intention/mental projection), supported by cultivating sattva.
In Śānti Parva’s instruction on peace and conduct, Vyāsa delivers a didactic counsel: the aspirant should not mentally cling to others’ approval or disapproval and should pursue inner purification by systematically overcoming key psychological obstacles.