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Shloka 10

Adhyāya 240: Indriya–Manas–Buddhi–Ātman — The Inner Hierarchy and Restraint (इन्द्रिय-मनस्-बुद्धि-आत्म-क्रमः)

एतस्य भूतं भव्यस्य दृष्टं स्थावरजड्रमम्‌ । साधकको चाहिये कि मनको पीड़ा देनेवाली हिंसायुक्त वाणीका प्रयोग न करे। तेजोमय निर्मल ब्रह्म सबका बीज (कारण) है। यह जो कुछ दिखायी दे रहा है, सब उसीका रस (कार्य) है। सम्पूर्ण चराचर जगत्‌ उस ब्रह्मके ही ईक्षण (संकल्प) का परिणाम है || ९६ || ध्यानमध्ययन दान सत्यं द्वीरार्जवं क्षमा,सत्त्वसंसेवनाद धीरो निद्रामुच्छेत्तुमरहति । विद्वानोंने योगके जो काम, क्रोध, लोभ, भय और पाँचवाँ स्वप्र--ये पाँच दोष बताये हैं उनका पूर्णतया उच्छेद करे। इनमेंसे क्रोधको शम (मनोनिग्रह) के द्वारा जीते, कामको संकल्पके त्यागद्वारा पराजित करे तथा धीर पुरुष सत्वगुणका सेवन करनेसे निद्राका उच्छेद कर सकता है ध्यान, वेदाध्ययन, दान, सत्य, लज्जा, सरलता, क्षमा, शौच, आचारशुद्धि एवं इन्द्रियोंका निग्रह--इनके द्वारा तेजकी वृद्धि होती है और पापोंका नाश हो जाता है

vyāsa uvāca | dhyānam adhyayanaṃ dānaṃ satyaṃ hrīr ārjavaṃ kṣamā | sattva-saṃsevanād dhīro nidrām ucchettum arhati ||

Vyāsa said: Meditation, study of sacred learning, charity, truthfulness, modesty, straightforwardness, and forgiveness—by cultivating these, and by keeping company with (and strengthening) sattva, a steadfast person becomes fit to cut off sleep (i.e., overcome lethargy and torpor).

एतस्यof this
एतस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
भूतम्the past (what has been)
भूतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
भव्यस्यof the future (what will be)
भव्यस्य:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootभव्य
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
दृष्टम्seen; perceived
दृष्टम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
स्थावरimmobile
स्थावर:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootस्थावर
FormNeuter (as qualifier), Nominative/Accusative, Singular (agreeing in compound sense)
जडinert; insentient
जड:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootजड
FormNeuter (as qualifier), Nominative/Accusative, Singular (agreeing in compound sense)
द्रमम्tree
द्रमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्रुम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa

Educational Q&A

Ethical virtues and disciplined practices—meditation, scriptural study, charity, truthfulness, modesty, straightforwardness, and forgiveness—purify the mind. By cultivating sattva (clarity and balance), one becomes capable of overcoming nidrā understood as lethargy and tamasic inertia that obstruct spiritual effort.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction-oriented setting, Vyāsa delivers a concise teaching on inner discipline. Rather than describing an external event, the verse lists practical virtues and explains their effect: strengthening sattva enables a resolute practitioner to uproot sleep/torpor and sustain spiritual practice.