Shloka 55

उच्चैश्लाभ्यवदन्‌ रात्रौ नीचैस्तत्राग्निरज्वलत्‌ | पुत्रा: पितृनत्यचरन्‌ नार्यश्चात्यचरन्‌ पतीन्‌,दैत्य रातमें जोर-जोरसे हल्ला मचाते हैं और उनके यहाँ अग्निहोत्रकी आग मन्दगतिसे जलने लगी है। पुत्रोंने पिताओंपर और स्त्रियोंने पतियोंपर अत्याचार आरम्भ कर दिया है

uccaiḥ ślābhyavadan rātrau nīcais tatrāgnir ajvalat | putrāḥ pitṝn atyācaran nāryaś cātyācaran patīn |

At night they boast and shout loudly, while in their homes the sacred fire burns only faintly. Sons have begun to oppress their fathers, and wives have begun to oppress their husbands.

उच्चैःloudly, on high (in a loud tone)
उच्चैः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउच्चैः
लाभ्यto be obtained / desirable to obtain (intended sense: 'seeking gain')
लाभ्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootलभ्
FormGerundive (तव्यत्/यत्), nominative singular masculine (used adverbially with वदन्)
वदन्speaking
वदन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
FormPresent active participle, nominative singular masculine
रात्रौat night
रात्रौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि
FormFeminine, locative singular
नीचैःsoftly, in a low tone / slowly
नीचैः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनीचैः
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
अग्निःfire
अग्निः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
FormMasculine, nominative singular
अज्वलत्burned, was burning
अज्वलत्:
TypeVerb
Rootज्वल्
FormImperfect (लङ्), parasmaipada, 3rd person singular
पुत्राःsons
पुत्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, nominative plural
पितॄन्fathers
पितॄन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, accusative plural
अत्यचरन्transgressed against, mistreated
अत्यचरन्:
TypeVerb
Rootअति + चर्
FormImperfect (लङ्), parasmaipada, 3rd person plural
नार्यःwomen
नार्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनारी
FormFeminine, nominative plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अत्यचरन्transgressed against, mistreated
अत्यचरन्:
TypeVerb
Rootअति + चर्
FormImperfect (लङ्), parasmaipada, 3rd person plural
पतीन्husbands
पतीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपति
FormMasculine, accusative plural

शक्र उवाच

Ś
Śakra (Indra)
A
agni (household sacred fire)
S
sons
F
fathers
W
wives
H
husbands

Educational Q&A

When inner dharma declines, it shows first in the home: sacred duties become neglected (the fire burns faintly) and relationships lose their proper ethic of respect and protection (children and spouses turn oppressive). Loud pride without discipline is presented as a symptom of moral decay.

Śakra describes a disorderly condition among people (here associated with the daityas in the given context): at night they raise loud boasts, their ritual fire is weak, and family roles invert as sons mistreat fathers and wives mistreat husbands—an image of social and religious breakdown.