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Shloka 74

ब्राह्मणस्य पूर्वतरा वृत्तिः — The Earlier Ideal Conduct of a Brahmana

River-of-Saṃsāra Metaphor

त्वमेव हीन्द्र वेत्थास्मान्‌ वेदाहं त्वां च वासव

tvam eva hīndra vetthāsmān vedāhaṃ tvāṃ ca vāsava

Bhishma said: “O Indra, you alone truly know us; and I, O Vāsava, know you as well.”

त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
हिfor/indeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
वेत्थyou know
वेत्थ:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPerfect, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
अस्मान्us
अस्मान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Accusative, Plural
वेद(he) knows / (I) know (as a perfect with present sense)
वेद:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वासवO Vāsava (Indra)
वासव:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootवासव
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
I
Indra
V
Vāsava

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights discerning knowledge and mutual recognition: true understanding involves knowing the moral and personal reality of others, not merely names or appearances. Bhīṣma frames Indra as an authoritative knower, while also asserting his own clear recognition—suggesting that ethical judgment rests on insight into character and duty.

Bhīṣma addresses Indra directly (using the epithet Vāsava), stating that Indra knows ‘us’ and that Bhīṣma, in turn, knows Indra. The line functions as a pointed acknowledgment within a dialogue, establishing credibility and the relational context before or amid a discussion of dharma.