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Shloka 3

बलीन्द्रसंवादः — Kāla, Anityatā, and the Limits of Agency

Mahābhārata 12.217

तत्रैवावस्थितं सर्व त्रैलोक्यं सचराचरम्‌ । निवृत्तिलक्षणं धर्ममव्यक्त ब्रह्म शाश्वतम्‌,भीष्मजी कहते हैं--राजन! जो मनुष्य सच्चिदानन्दघन परमात्मा, दृश्यवर्ग तथा प्रकृति और पुरुष--इन चारोंको नहीं जानता है, वह परब्रह्म परमात्माको नहीं जानता है। परम ऋषि नारायणने जिस व्यक्त और अव्यक्त तत्त्वका प्रतिपादन किया है, उसमें व्यक्त (दृश्यवर्ग) को मृत्युके मुखमें पड़नेवाला जाने और अव्यक्तको अमृतपद समझे तथा नारायण ऋषिने जिस प्रवृत्तिरूप धर्मका प्रतिपादन किया है, उसीपर चराचर प्राणियोंसहित समस्त त्रिलोकी प्रतिष्ठित है। निवृत्तिरूप जो धर्म है, वह अव्यक्त सनातन ब्रह्मस्वरूप है

tatraivāvasthitaṃ sarvaṃ trailokyaṃ sacarācaram | nivṛttilakṣaṇaṃ dharmam avyaktaṃ brahma śāśvatam |

Bhishma said: There itself the entire threefold world is established, with all that moves and all that does not. The dharma whose mark is withdrawal (nivṛtti) is the unmanifest, eternal Brahman.

तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अवस्थितम्situated/established
अवस्थितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअवस्थित
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सर्वम्all/entire
सर्वम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
त्रैलोक्यम्the three worlds
त्रैलोक्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootत्रैलोक्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सचराचरम्with moving and non-moving beings
सचराचरम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootचराचर
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
निवृत्ति-लक्षणम्having renunciation as its mark
निवृत्ति-लक्षणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलक्षण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
धर्मम्dharma/law
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अव्यक्तम्unmanifest
अव्यक्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअव्यक्त
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ब्रह्मBrahman
ब्रह्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शाश्वतम्eternal
शाश्वतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशाश्वत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
T
Trailokya (the three worlds)
B
Brahman

Educational Q&A

Bhishma identifies nivṛtti-dharma—dharma characterized by withdrawal from worldly entanglement—as identical with the unmanifest, eternal Brahman. The verse frames renunciatory insight not as a mere practice but as alignment with the deepest, unseen ground of reality.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction to Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhishma continues a philosophical exposition on dharma and ultimate reality. Here he states that the entire cosmos (all moving and unmoving beings across the three worlds) is established upon that highest principle, described as nivṛtti-dharma and the unmanifest Brahman.