Shloka 18

Vyaktāvyakta-Viveka and Nivṛtti as Paramā Gati

Manifest–Unmanifest Discrimination and the Supreme Path of Withdrawal

Devanagari script

काल-क्रमसे युगादिमें जब-जब जो-जो वस्तु भासित होती है, लोक-व्यवहारवश तब- तब उसी-उसी विषयका ज्ञान प्रकट होता रहता है

Transliteration

kāla-krameṇa yugādau yadā yadā yo yo viṣayo bhāsate, lokavyavahāravaśāt tadā tadā tasmin tasmin viṣaye jñānaṃ prakaṭaṃ bhavati.

Translation

Bhishma said: “As time proceeds, whenever and whatever thing becomes manifest at the beginning of an age, then—because of the world’s practical dealings—knowledge concerning that very subject repeatedly becomes evident.”

Word by Word

• कालक्रमेण: by the sequence of time
• कालक्रमेण: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कालक्रम
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• युगादौ: at the beginning of an age
• युगादौ: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: युगादि
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• यदा: when
• यदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदा

• यदा: whenever
• यदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदा

• या: which (thing)
• या: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• या: whatever (thing)
• या: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• वस्तुः: entity/thing
• वस्तुः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वस्तु
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• भासते: appears, shines forth
• Type: Verb
• Root: भास्
• Form: Present, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada

• लोकव्यवहारवशात्: due to worldly convention/usage
• लोकव्यवहारवशात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोकव्यवहारवश
• Form: Masculine, Ablative, Singular

• तदा: then
• तदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा

• तदा: at that time (each time)
• तदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा

• तस्य: of that
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• तस्य: of that very (same)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• विषयस्य: of the object/subject-matter
• Type: Noun
• Root: विषय
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• ज्ञानम्: knowledge
• ज्ञानम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्ञान
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• प्रकटम्: manifest, evident
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रकट
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• भवति: becomes, comes to be
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Present, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma