Shloka 39
Bhṛgu–Bharadvāja-saṃvāda: Vānaprastha-parivrājaka-ācāra, Abhaya-dharma, and Lokānāṃ Vibhāga (Śānti-parva 185)
Devanagari script
षड्ज ऋषभगान्धारौ मध्यमो धैवतस्तथा । पज्चमश्नापि विज्ञेयस्तथा चापि निषादवान्
Transliteration
ṣaḍja ṛṣabha-gāndhārau madhyamo dhaivatas tathā | pañcamaś cāpi vijñeyas tathā cāpi niṣādavān ||
Translation
Bharadvāja said: “Know the musical notes as follows: Ṣaḍja, Ṛṣabha, and Gāndhāra; then Madhyama and Dhaivata; and also Pañcama—together with Niṣāda.” In this instruction, the sage lays out the ordered structure of sound, implying that disciplined knowledge and right arrangement (krama) are essential for any refined art and, by extension, for a well-governed life.
Word by Word
षड्जःthe note Ṣaḍja (Sa)
षड्जः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootषड्ज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ऋषभःthe note Ṛṣabha (Ri)
ऋषभः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootऋषभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गान्धारःthe note Gāndhāra (Ga)
गान्धारः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगान्धार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मध्यमःthe note Madhyama (Ma)
मध्यमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमध्यम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धैवतःthe note Dhaivata (Dha)
धैवतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधैवत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाand likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
पञ्चमःthe note Pañcama (Pa)
पञ्चमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्चम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
विज्ञेयःis to be known / should be recognized
विज्ञेयः:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-ज्ञा
FormGerundive (तव्यत्/यत्-type obligation; here -य), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाlikewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
निषादवान्possessing the note Niṣāda (Ni)
निषादवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिषादवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
भरद्वाज उवाच
Characters & Entities
B
BharadvājaṢ
ṢaḍjaṚ
ṚṣabhaG
GāndhāraM
MadhyamaD
DhaivataP
PañcamaN
NiṣādaVerse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes