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Shloka 26

जनक-राज्ञः मौण्ड्य-परिव्रज्या-विवादः

Janaka’s Renunciation Questioned; Discourse on Dāna and Detachment

“सदा ही याचना करनेवालेको और दम्भीको दी हुई दक्षिणा दावानलमें दी गयी आहुतिके समान व्यर्थ है ।। जातवेदा यथा राजन्‌ नादग्ध्वैवोपशाम्यति । सदैव याचमानो हि तथा शाम्यति न द्विज:,“राजन! जैसे आग लकड़ीको जलाये बिना नहीं बुझती, उसी प्रकार सदा ही याचना करनेवाला ब्राह्मण (याचनाका अन्त किये बिना) कभी शान्त नहीं हो सकता

jātavedā yathā rājan nādagdhvaivopaśāmyati | sadaiva yācamāno hi tathā śāmyati na dvijaḥ ||

O King, just as fire does not subside without first consuming fuel, so too a brahmin who is forever begging does not attain inner quiet so long as that habit of constant solicitation continues. A gift (dakṣiṇā) given to one who is persistently importunate and hypocritical is likened to an oblation cast into a wildfire—wasted and without wholesome fruit.

जातवेदाJātavedas (Agni, the fire-god)
जातवेदा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजातवेदस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अदग्ध्वाwithout burning (having not burned)
अदग्ध्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदह्
FormAbsolutive (ktvā), Parasmaipada (usage)
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
उपशाम्यतिsubsides, becomes calm, is extinguished
उपशाम्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootशम् (उप-शम्)
FormPresent, Indicative, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
सदैवalways
सदैव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा + एव
याचमानःbegging, requesting
याचमानः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootयाच्
FormPresent active participle (śatṛ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
तथाso, in the same way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
शाम्यतिbecomes calm, is appeased
शाम्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootशम्
FormPresent, Indicative, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
द्विजःa twice-born (Brahmin)
द्विजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

अजुन उवाच

R
rājan (the king addressed)
J
jātavedāḥ (Agni/fire)
D
dvija (brahmin/twice-born)

Educational Q&A

The verse warns that habitual, insatiable begging prevents inner peace, and that gifts given to the perpetually importunate and hypocritical are ethically unfruitful—like offerings thrown into a wildfire.

A speaker addresses a king and uses the image of fire needing fuel to illustrate a moral point about recipients of charity: a person who constantly solicits does not become content, so indiscriminate giving to such a person is portrayed as wasted.