Shloka 43

अध्याय १७८ — प्राणवायुगतिः तथा शारीराग्निव्यवस्था

Adhyāya 178 — The courses of prāṇa-vāyu and the regulation of the bodily fire

Devanagari script

क्षमिष्ये क्षिपमाणानां न हिंसिष्ये विहिंसित: । द्वेष्ययुक्त: प्रियं वक्ष्याम्यनादृत्य तदप्रियम्‌

Transliteration

kṣamiṣye kṣipamāṇānāṁ na hiṁsiṣye vihiṁsitaḥ | dveṣya-yuktaḥ priyaṁ vakṣyāmy anādṛtya tad apriyam ||

Translation

Bhīṣma said: “I shall forgive those who hurl abuse at me; even when I am harmed, I will not retaliate with harm. Even if I find myself in the company of one who is fit to be disliked, I will speak what is agreeable; disregarding his unpleasant words, I will not answer with unpleasant speech.”

Word by Word

• क्षमिष्ये: I shall forgive / endure
• क्षमिष्ये: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: क्षम् (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (भविष्यत्), आत्मनेपद, उत्तम, एकवचन

• क्षिपमाणानाम्: of those who are reviling/throwing (abuse)
• क्षिपमाणानाम्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: क्षिप् (धातु)
• Form: शतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त), पुं, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• हिंसिष्ये: I shall not harm
• हिंसिष्ये: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: हिंस् (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (भविष्यत्), आत्मनेपद, उत्तम, एकवचन

• विहिंसितः: though harmed / being harmed
• विहिंसितः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विहिंसित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्त (भूतकर्मणि/भूतकृत्), पुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• द्वेष्ययुक्तः: associated with one who is hateful / fit to be hated
• द्वेष्ययुक्तः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्वेष्य + युक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• प्रियम्: what is pleasing / pleasant (words)
• प्रियम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुं, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• वक्ष्यामि: I shall speak
• वक्ष्यामि: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (भविष्यत्), परस्मैपद, उत्तम, एकवचन

• अनादृत्य: disregarding / not heeding
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अन् + आ + दृ (धातु) → अनादृ (धातु-प्रयोग)
• Form: ल्यप् (क्त्वान्त अव्यय), कर्तरि

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुं, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• अप्रियम्: what is unpleasant / unpleasing (words)
• अप्रियम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुं, द्वितीया, एकवचन

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse teaches kṣamā (forbearance) and ahiṁsā (non-retaliation): endure insult and injury without returning harm, and respond to harsh speech with restraint and agreeable words.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs on dharma and right conduct; here he articulates a personal vow-like ethic of patience, non-violence, and disciplined speech even toward hostile or blameworthy people.