Shloka 65
Adhyāya 166: Kṛtaghna-doṣa (कृतघ्नदोषः) — the fault of ingratitude and the limits of expiation
पुमांसमुन्नयेत् प्राज्ञ: शयने तप्त आयसे । अप्यादधीत दारूणि तत्र दहोत पापकृत्,इसी तरह व्यभिचारी पुरुषको बुद्धिमान् राजा लोहेकी तपायी हुई खाटपर सुलाकर ऊपरसे लकड़ी रख दे और आग लगा दे, जिससे वह पापी उसीमें जलकर भस्म हो जाय। महाराज! पतिकी अवहेलना करके परपुरुषोंसे व्यभिचार करनेवाली स्त्रियोंके लिये भी यही दण्ड है, उपर्युक्त कहे हुएमें जिन दुष्टोंके लिये प्रायश्चित्त बताया है, उनके लिये यह भी विधान है कि एक वर्षके भीतर प्रायश्चित्त न करनेपर दुष्ट पुरुषको दूना दण्ड प्राप्त होना चाहिये। जो मनुष्य दो, तीन, चार या पाँच वर्षोतक उस पतित पुरुषके संसर्गमें रहे, वह मुनिजनोचित व्रत धारण करके उतने ही वर्षोतक पृथ्वीपर घूमता हुआ भिक्षावृत्तिसे जीवन- निर्वाह करे
pumāṁsam unnayet prājñaḥ śayane tapte āyase | apy ādadhīta dārūṇi tatra dahot pāpakṛt ||
Bhīṣma said: A wise king should punish a male offender by placing him upon a bed of heated iron; then he should heap firewood upon it and ignite it, so that the sinner is burned there. In the same spirit, women who, disregarding their husbands, commit adultery with other men are said to deserve the same penalty. Moreover, for those wrongdoers for whom expiation has been prescribed, it is also laid down that if they do not undertake expiation within a year, they should receive a doubled punishment. And a person who remains in association with such a fallen man for two, three, four, or five years should adopt a sage-like vow and, for that same number of years, wander upon the earth living by alms.
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
The passage frames kingship as moral governance: grave sexual misconduct and persistent association with the fallen are treated as threats to social order, warranting severe punishment or, alternatively, timely expiation; delay in expiation increases culpability and penalty.
In Bhīṣma’s instruction on rājadharma in the Śānti Parva, he describes a harsh judicial punishment for an offender, extends the principle to adulterous conduct, and then adds procedural rules about expiation—doubling punishment if expiation is not begun within a year—and austerities for those who have long associated with a fallen person.