Shloka 12
Devanagari script
विरुद्धानीह शास्त्राणि ये पश्यन्ति कुरूद्वह । विधित्सा जायते तेषां तत्त्वज्ञानान्निवर्तते,कुरुश्रेष्ठ! जो लोग धर्मके विरोधी शास्त्रोंका अवलोकन करते हैं, उनके मनमें अनुचित कर्म करनेकी इच्छारूप विधित्सा उत्पन्न होती है। यह तत्त्वज्ञानसे निवृत्त होती है
Translation
O best of the Kurus! Those who look upon treatises opposed to Dharma give rise within themselves to vidhitsā—the urge to commit improper acts. Yet it is checked and turned back by knowledge of the true reality (tattva-jñāna).
Word by Word
विरुद्धानिopposed, contradictory
विरुद्धानि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविरुद्ध
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
इहhere (in this world/context)
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
शास्त्राणिtreatises, scriptures
शास्त्राणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशास्त्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
येwho (those who)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पश्यन्तिsee, observe
पश्यन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootपश्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
कुरूद्वहO bearer of the Kurus
कुरूद्वह:
TypeNoun
Rootकुरू + द्वह
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
विधित्साdesire/intention to act (esp. to do what is prescribed/decided)
विधित्सा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविधित्सा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
जायतेarises, is born
जायते:
TypeVerb
Rootजन्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
तत्त्वज्ञानात्from knowledge of reality/truth
तत्त्वज्ञानात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootतत्त्वज्ञान
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
निवर्ततेceases, turns back, is restrained
निवर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootनि + वृत्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
कुरुश्रेष्ठO best of the Kurus
कुरुश्रेष्ठ:
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु + श्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Cross References
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes