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Shloka 16

Kośa, Bala, and Maryādā: Treasury, Capacity, and Enforceable Limits (कोश-बल-मर्यादा)

तस्मादापत्स्वधर्मोडपि श्रूयते धर्मलक्षण: । अधर्मो जायते तस्मिन्निति वै कवयो विदु:,दुर्बल मनुष्य धर्मको पाकर भी न्यायोचित्त जीविका नहीं उपलब्ध कर पाता है। धर्मांचरण करनेसे बलकी प्राप्ति अवश्य हो जायगी, यह निश्चितरूपसे नहीं कहा जा सकता; इसलिये आपत्तिकालमें अधर्म भी धर्मरूप सुना जाता है। परंतु विद्वान्‌ पुरुष ऐसा मानते हैं कि आपत्तिकालमें भी धर्मके विरुद्ध आचरण करनेसे अधर्म होता ही है

tasmād āpatsu dharmo 'pi śrūyate dharmalakṣaṇaḥ | adharmo jāyate tasminn iti vai kavayo viduḥ ||

Bhishma said: Therefore, in times of calamity even what is called “dharma” may be spoken of as bearing the marks of dharma. Yet the wise know this for certain: when one acts contrary to dharma—even under distress—adharma is indeed produced. The teaching is that necessity may blur labels, but moral consequence remains; hardship does not automatically sanctify wrongdoing.

तस्मात्therefore/from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
आपत्सुin calamities/in distress
आपत्सु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआपद्
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
अधर्मःunrighteousness
अधर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
श्रूयतेis heard/is said
श्रूयते:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormPresent, Atmanepada (Passive sense), Third, Singular
धर्मलक्षणःhaving the mark/character of dharma
धर्मलक्षणः:
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मलक्षण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अधर्मःunrighteousness
अधर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जायतेarises/is produced
जायते:
TypeVerb
Rootजन्
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
तस्मिन्in that (case/situation)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
इतिthus/so (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
वैindeed/for sure
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
कवयःsages/poets
कवयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकवि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विदुःknow/hold (as true)
विदुः:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPerfect, Parasmaipada, Third, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma