Shloka 42
Devanagari script
तं ददौ सूर्यपुत्रस्तु मनुर्वे रक्षणार्थकम् । आनुपूर्व्याच्च दण्डो<यं प्रजा जागर्ति पालयन्,सूर्यपुत्र मनुने प्रजाकी रक्षाके लिये ही अपने पुत्रोंके हाथोंमें दण्ड सौंपा था, वही क्रमश: उत्तरोत्तर अधिकारियोंके हाथमें आकर प्रजाका पालन करता हुआ जागता रहता है
Translation
Manu, the son of the Sun, entrusted that daṇḍa to his sons for the protection of the people. And that rod of authority, passing in due succession into the hands of ever higher rulers, remains wakeful as it preserves and guards the subjects.
Word by Word
तम्him / that (person)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ददौgave
ददौ:
TypeVerb
Rootदा (दाने)
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सूर्यपुत्रःthe son of the Sun (Vivasvat)
सूर्यपुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्यपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुindeed / but
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
मनुःManu
मनुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमनु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वैindeed / surely
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
रक्षणार्थकम्for the purpose of protection
रक्षणार्थकम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootरक्षणार्थक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आनुपूर्व्यात्from (due to) succession / in due order
आनुपूर्व्यात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootआनुपूर्व्य
FormFeminine, Ablative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
दण्डःthe rod (punishment/authority)
दण्डः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अयम्this
अयम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रजाःthe subjects / people
प्रजाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
जागर्तिkeeps awake / watches
जागर्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootजागृ (जागरणे)
FormPresent (Laṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पालयन्protecting / governing
पालयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootपाल् (पालने)
FormŚatṛ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
वसुहरोम उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Cross References
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes