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Shloka 55

Daṇḍa-svarūpa-nirūpaṇa

The Nature, Forms, and Function of Daṇḍa

प्रीतिप्रवृत्ती विनिवर्तिती यथा सुहृत्सु विज्ञाय निवृत्य चोभयो: । यदेव मित्र गुरुभारमावहेत्‌ तदेव सुस्निग्धमुदाहरेद्‌ बुध:,सुहृदोंमेंसे जो दो मित्र प्रेमपूर्वक साथ-साथ एक कार्यमें प्रवृत्त होते हों और साथ-ही- साथ उससे निवृत्त होते हों, उन्हें अच्छी तरह जानकर उन दोनोंमेंसे जो मित्र लौटकर मित्रका गुरुतर भार वहन कर सके, उसीको दिद्वान्‌ पुरुष अत्यन्त स्नेही मित्र मानकर दूसरोंके सामने उसका उदाहरण दें

prītipravṛttī vinivartitī yathā suhṛtsu vijñāya nivṛtya cobhayoḥ | yadeva mitra gurubhāram āvahet tadeva susnigdham udāhared budhaḥ ||

Bhishma said: When two friends, out of affection, undertake a task together and withdraw from it together, one should observe them carefully. Of those two, the friend who, upon turning back, is able to carry the heavier burden for his companion—he alone should be recognized by the wise as the truly intimate, deeply loyal friend, and held up before others as the model of friendship.

प्रीतिप्रवृत्तीaffection and undertaking (engagement)
प्रीतिप्रवृत्ती:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रीति-प्रवृत्ति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Dual
विनिवर्तितीthey two turn back/withdraw
विनिवर्तिती:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-नि-वृत्
FormPresent, 3rd, Dual, Parasmaipada
यथाas/just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
सुहृत्सुamong friends
सुहृत्सु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसुहृत्
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
विज्ञायhaving ascertained/known
विज्ञाय:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-ज्ञा
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Active
निवृत्यhaving withdrawn/returned
निवृत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-वृत्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Active
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उभयोःof the two (both)
उभयोः:
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootउभ
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Dual
यत्which (one)
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
मित्रfriend
मित्र:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गुरुभारम्a heavy burden
गुरुभारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुरु-भार
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आवहेत्could/should bear (carry)
आवहेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-वह्
FormOptative (Potential), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तत्that (one)
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed/alone
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
सु-स्निग्धम्very affectionate (truly close)
सु-स्निग्धम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-स्निग्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उदाहरेत्should cite/declare (as an example)
उदाहरेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-आ-हृ
FormOptative (Potential), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
बुधःa wise man
बुधः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
T
two friends (suhṛt/mitra)