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Shloka 3

शकुनि (हिरण्मय-पक्षी) उपदेशः — Vighasāśin and the Difficulty of Gārhasthya

धर्मोडयमिति मन्वाना: समृद्धा ब्रह्मचारिण: । त्यक्त्वा भ्रातृन्‌ पितृश्चैव तानिन्द्रोडन्वकृपायत

dharma udayam iti manvānāḥ samṛddhā brahmacāriṇaḥ | tyaktvā bhrātṝn pitṝṃś caiva tān indro ’nvakṛpāyata ||

Believing that this course was the very rise and essence of dharma, those prosperous young men undertook the discipline of brahmacarya. Renouncing their brothers and even their parents, they went to the forest, holding this to be righteousness. One day, Indra took compassion upon them.

धर्मःdharma, righteousness
धर्मः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उदयम्rise, prosperity, advancement
उदयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउदय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
मन्वानाःthinking, considering
मन्वानाः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootमन्
Formशानच् (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
समृद्धाःprosperous, wealthy
समृद्धाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसमृद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ब्रह्मचारिणःbrahmacārins, celibate students/ascetics
ब्रह्मचारिणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मचारिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
त्यक्त्वाhaving abandoned
त्यक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
भ्रातॄन्brothers
भ्रातॄन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पितॄन्fathers/parents (forefathers)
पितॄन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तान्them
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अन्वकृपायत्showed compassion (to), took pity on
अन्वकृपायत्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृप्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
I
Indra
B
brothers/kinsmen (bhrātṛ)
P
parents (pitṛ)
F
forest (vana)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a dharmic ideal: genuine righteousness may require renouncing comfort and even familial attachments to pursue disciplined self-restraint (brahmacarya), and such sincerity can draw divine compassion.

A group of prosperous brahmacārins, convinced that this path is true dharma, leave their family ties and live in the forest practicing celibate discipline; Indra later becomes compassionate toward them.