Shloka 3

संजय उवाच शिरस्यभिह्ठतं दृष्टवा भीमसेनेन ते सुतम्‌ । राम: प्रहरतां श्रेष्ठक्षुक्रोध बलवदूबली,संजयने कहा--राजन्‌! भीमसेनके द्वारा आपके पुत्रके मस्तकपर पैरका प्रहार हुआ देख योद्धाओंमें श्रेष्ठ बलवान्‌ बलरामको बड़ा क्रोध हुआ

sañjaya uvāca | śirasy abhiṣṭhitaṃ dṛṣṭvā bhīmasenena te sutam | rāmaḥ praharatāṃ śreṣṭhaḥ krodhaṃ balavad ābabhau ||

Sañjaya said: “O King, seeing your son struck upon the head by Bhimasena’s trampling blow, mighty Balarama—foremost among those who smite in battle—was seized by a powerful wrath.”

संजयःSanjaya
संजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
शिरसिon (the) head
शिरसि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशिरस्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
अभिहतंstruck, smitten
अभिहतं:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-हन्
FormPast Passive Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Active
भीमसेनेनby Bhimasena
भीमसेनेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभीमसेन
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
तेyour
ते:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular, Second
सुतम्son
सुतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रामःRama (Balarama)
रामः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रहरताम्of those striking / of the strikers
प्रहरताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-हृ
FormPresent Active Participle (genitive plural), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
श्रेष्ठःbest, foremost
श्रेष्ठः:
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्रुद्धःangered
क्रुद्धः:
TypeVerb
Rootक्रुध्
FormPast Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
बलवत्strongly, mightily
बलवत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootबलवत्
FormNeuter (adverbial use), Nominative/Accusative, Singular
उवाली(uncertain reading; possibly a corruption in the provided text)
उवाली:
TypeNoun
Rootउवाली
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
D
Dhritarashtra
B
Bhimasena (Bhima)
D
Duryodhana
B
Balarama (Rama)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical volatility of war: when a warrior’s action is seen as crossing the bounds of honorable conduct, it can provoke righteous indignation and escalate conflict. Even revered elders like Balarama respond strongly when they perceive a breach of martial propriety.

Sanjaya reports to Dhritarashtra that Bhimasena has struck/trampled Dhritarashtra’s son (Duryodhana) on the head. Witnessing this, Balarama—renowned as a supreme fighter—becomes intensely angry.