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Shloka 31

Vāg-yuddha and Nimitta-darśana before the Gadāyuddha

Verbal Duel and Omens

रामरावणयोश्रैव वालिसुग्रीवयोस्तथा । तथैव कालस्य समीौ मृत्योश्रैव परंतपौ,महाराज! शत्रुओंको संताप देनेवाले वे दोनों महाबली वीर यमराज, इन्द्र, वरुण, श्रीकृष्ण, बलराम, कुबेर, मधु, कैटभ, सुन्द, उपसुन्द, राम, रावण तथा बालि और सुमग्रीवके समान पराक्रम दिखानेवाले थे तथा काल एवं मृत्युके समान जान पड़ते थे

sañjaya uvāca |

rāma-rāvaṇayoś caiva vāli-sugrīvayos tathā |

tathaiva kālasya samau mṛtyoś caiva parantapau ||

Sanjaya said: O King, those two heroes, tormentors of their foes, seemed equal to Rama and Ravana, and likewise to Vali and Sugriva; and in the same way they appeared like Time itself and like Death—figures of irresistible might.

रामof Rama
राम:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराम
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
रावणयोःof the two Ravanas / of Ravana (dual form used in dvandva context)
रावणयोः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरावण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Dual
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
वालिof Vali
वालि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवालि
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
सुग्रीवयोःof the two Sugrivas / of Sugriva (dual form used in dvandva context)
सुग्रीवयोः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसुग्रीव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Dual
तथाso/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
तथाlikewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
कालस्यof Time (Kala)
कालस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
समीपौnear/like (in proximity; figuratively comparable)
समीपौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसमीप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
मृत्योःof Death
मृत्योः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
परंतपौthe two scorcher(s) of foes
परंतपौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपरंतप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
महाराजO great king!
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
R
Rama
R
Ravana
V
Vali
S
Sugriva
K
Kala (Time)
M
Mrityu (Death)
M
Maharaja (the King, i.e., Dhritarashtra as addressee)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the epic idea that in the extremity of battle, great warriors can appear like cosmic principles—Time and Death—suggesting the inevitability of destruction and the moral gravity of warfare, where human agency operates under the shadow of fate.

Sanjaya is describing two formidable combatants to the King, emphasizing their overwhelming prowess by comparing them to famous rival pairs (Rama–Ravana, Vali–Sugriva) and to the unstoppable forces of Time and Death.