Shloka 37
Adhyāya 21 — Duryodhanasya bāṇavarṣaḥ
Duryodhana’s Arrow-Storm and the Dust-Obscured Engagements
Devanagari script
त॑ परे नाभ्यवर्तन्त मर्त्या मृत्युमिवाहवे । अथान्यं रथमास्थाय हार्दिक्य: समपद्यत,जैसे मरणधर्मा मनुष्य अपनी मृत्युका उल्लंघन नहीं कर सकते, उसी प्रकार युद्धभूमिमें शत्रुसैनिक राजा दुर्योधनका सामना न कर सके। इतनेहीमें कृतवर्मा दूसरे रथपर आरूढ़ होकर वहाँ आ पहुँचा
Translation
On the battlefield the foes did not dare close with him, just as mortal men cannot overstep their own death. Then Kṛtavarmā, son of Hārdikya, mounted another chariot and came to that place.
Word by Word
तेthey (those men)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
परेthe others / the enemy side
परे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
अभ्यवर्तन्तthey did not advance/turn towards (him)
अभ्यवर्तन्त:
TypeVerb
Root√वृत् (वर्तते)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural, Ātmanepada
मर्त्याःmortals
मर्त्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मृत्युम्death
मृत्युम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
आहवेin battle
आहवे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआहव
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
अन्यम्another
अन्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आस्थायhaving mounted
आस्थाय:
TypeVerb
Root√स्था
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), आ
हार्दिक्यःHārdikya (Kṛtavarmā)
हार्दिक्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहार्दिक्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समपद्यतhe came up/arrived
समपद्यत:
TypeVerb
Root√पद् (पद्यते)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Ātmanepada, सम्
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Cross References
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes