Shloka 27

Adhyāya 21 — Duryodhanasya bāṇavarṣaḥ

Duryodhana’s Arrow-Storm and the Dust-Obscured Engagements

Devanagari script

पुत्रस्य तव चात्यर्थ विषाद: समजायत

Transliteration

putrasya tava cātyartha viṣādaḥ samajāyata

Translation

Sañjaya said: An overwhelming grief arose in you concerning your son—an intense sorrow that seized your heart amid these tidings of war.

Word by Word

• पुत्रस्य: of (your) son
• पुत्रस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• तव: of you/your
• तव: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: —, Genitive, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अत्यर्थ: excessively, very greatly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अत्यर्थ

• विषादः: grief, despondency
• विषादः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: विषाद
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• समजायत: arose, came into being
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + जन्
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• son (Duryodhana implied)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how intense attachment to one’s own (especially to a child) can overwhelm judgment and inner steadiness; in the Mahābhārata’s ethical frame, such grief is also a consequence of choices that led to destructive conflict.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya, narrating the battlefield events to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra, observes that upon hearing about his son’s situation, Dhṛtarāṣṭra is seized by extreme sorrow.