Shloka 34

Śālva’s Elephant Assault and the Counterstroke (शाल्वस्य नागारूढाभ्यवहारः)

Devanagari script

जघने युध्यमानं हि कौन्तेयो मां समन्ततः । नोत्सहेदभ्यतिक्रान्तुं वेलामिव महोदधि:

Transliteration

jaghane yudhyamānaṁ hi kaunteyo māṁ samantataḥ | notsahed abhyatikrāntuṁ velām iva mahodadhiḥ ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: “As the son of Kuntī fought on, he pressed me from every side; and I could not bring myself to overstep him—just as the great ocean cannot transgress its shoreline.”

Word by Word

• जघने: at the rear/back
• जघने: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: जघन
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• युध्यमानम्: fighting
• युध्यमानम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: युध्
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• हि: indeed/for
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• कौन्तेयः: Kunti's son (Arjuna)
• कौन्तेयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौन्तेय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• माम्: me
• माम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: First, Accusative, Singular

• समन्ततः: on all sides
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: समन्ततः

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• उत्सहेत्: would dare/be able
• Type: Verb
• Root: उत्सह्
• Form: Vidhi-linga (optative), Present-system, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• अभ्यतिक्रान्तुम्: to overstep/cross
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि + अति + क्रम्
• Form: तुमुन् (infinitive), Active (sense), Accusative, Singular

• वेलाम्: shore/limit (coastline)
• वेलाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वेला
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• इव: like/as
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• महोदधिः: the great ocean
• महोदधिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: महोदधि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Kaunteya (Arjuna)
• the great ocean (mahodadhi)
• shoreline/boundary (velā)