Shloka 193

Devanagari script

न युक्तमेतत्‌ समरे त्वयि तिष्ठति भारत । “भारत! हमलोगोंके देखते-देखते मद्रदेशकी यह सेना क्‍यों मारी जाती है? तुम्हारे रहते ऐसा कदापि नहीं होना चाहिये

Transliteration

na yuktam etat samare tvayi tiṣṭhati bhārata |

Translation

Sañjaya said: “This is not proper—while you, O Bhārata, stand firm in the battle. How can the army of Madra be cut down before our very eyes? With you present, such a thing should never be allowed to happen.”

Word by Word

• na: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na

• yuktam: proper, fitting
• yuktam: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yukta
• Form: neuter, nominative, singular

• etat: this
• etat: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: etat
• Form: neuter, nominative, singular

• samare: in battle
• samare: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: samara
• Form: masculine, locative, singular

• tvayi: when you (are present); in you
• tvayi: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: tvad
• Form: locative, singular

• tiṣṭhati: stands, remains
• Type: Verb
• Root: sthā
• Form: present, third, singular, parasmaipada

• bhārata: O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhārata
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Bhārata (addressed person)
• Samara (battlefield context)
• Madra (Madra army/people, implied by the cited Hindi gloss)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse stresses the ethical and royal duty of a capable leader in war: when a protector is present, allowing allies to be destroyed is ‘not proper’ (na yuktam). It frames battlefield conduct in terms of responsibility, honor, and kṣatriya-dharma.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports a rebuke/appeal directed to a Kuru leader addressed as ‘Bhārata’: the speaker protests that it is unfitting for the Madra forces to be slain while that leader remains on the field, implying a failure of protection or command.