Shloka 78

Śalya-hatānantarāṇi: Madrarāja-padānugānāṃ praskandana and the Pandava counter-encirclement (शल्यहतानन्तराणि—मद्रराजपदानुगानां प्रस्कन्दनम्)

Devanagari script

ततस्तं विरथं दृष्टवा कृप: शारद्वत: प्रभो

Transliteration

tatastam virathaṃ dṛṣṭvā kṛpaḥ śāradvataḥ prabho

Translation

Sañjaya said: Then, seeing him bereft of his chariot, Kṛpa—Śāradvata’s son—(addressing the king) spoke, as the battle’s harsh turns laid bare both the warriors’ vulnerability and the relentless demands of duty in war.

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (indeclinable)

• तम्: him/that (one)
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्

• विरथम्: without a chariot, chariotless
• विरथम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विरथ
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभावः

• कृपः: Kripa
• कृपः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृप
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्

• शारद्वतः: Śāradvata (son/descendant of Śaradvat)
• शारद्वतः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शारद्वत
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्

• प्रभो: O lord!
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रभु
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, सम्बोधन, एकवचनम्

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Kṛpa (Śāradvata)
• prabhu (the addressed lord/king, i.e., Dhṛtarāṣṭra)