Shloka 68

Śalya-hatānantarāṇi: Madrarāja-padānugānāṃ praskandana and the Pandava counter-encirclement (शल्यहतानन्तराणि—मद्रराजपदानुगानां प्रस्कन्दनम्)

Devanagari script

शल्यानुजं हतं दृष्टवा तावकास्त्यक्तजीविता:

Transliteration

śalyānujaṃ hataṃ dṛṣṭvā tāvakās tyaktajīvitāḥ

Translation

Sañjaya said: Seeing Śalya’s younger brother slain, the Kaurava warriors lost the will to live—struck by grief and the collapse of hope amid the carnage of war.

Word by Word

• शल्यानुजम्: the younger brother of Shalya
• शल्यानुजम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शल्यानुज
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• हतम्: slain
• हतम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हन्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा)

• तावकाः: your men; the Kauravas (your side)
• तावकाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: तावक
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• त्यक्तजीविताः: those who had abandoned life; as good as dead/despairing
• त्यक्तजीविताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्यक्तजीवित
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, Past passive participle (क्त) used adjectivally

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Śalya
• Śalya’s younger brother
• Kauravas (tāvakāḥ)
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address 'your men')