Shloka 11
Śalya-hatānantarāṇi: Madrarāja-padānugānāṃ praskandana and the Pandava counter-encirclement (शल्यहतानन्तराणि—मद्रराजपदानुगानां प्रस्कन्दनम्)
Devanagari script
ततो रणे तावकानां रथौघा: समीक्ष्य मद्राधिपतिं शरार्तम् | पर्यावद्रु: प्रवरास्ते सुसज्जा दुर्योधनस्यानुमते पुरस्तात्,तब रणभूमिमें मद्रराजको बाणोंसे पीड़ित देख आपके श्रेष्ठ रथी योद्धा दुर्योधनकी आज्ञासे सुसज्जित हो उन्हें घेरकर युधिष्ठिरके आगे खड़े हो गये
Translation
Then on the battlefield, seeing the lord of Madra afflicted by arrows, the foremost chariot-warriors on your side, well arrayed at Duryodhana’s command, rushed up, surrounded him, and stood before Yudhishthira.
Word by Word
ततःthen/thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
Formindeclinable (ablatival adverb: 'from that/thereafter')
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
Formneuter, locative, singular
तावकानाम्of your (Kaurava) side
तावकानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootतावक
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
रथौघाःmasses/hosts of chariots
रथौघाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरथौघ
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
समीक्ष्यhaving seen
समीक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-ईक्ष्
Formabsolutive (क्त्वा-न्त), 'having seen/observed'
मद्राधिपतिम्the king/lord of Madra
मद्राधिपतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमद्राधिपति
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
शरार्तम्pained/afflicted by arrows
शरार्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशरार्त
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
पर्यावद्रुःran around / surrounded
पर्यावद्रुः:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-आ-व्रज्
Formperfect (लिट्), 3rd person, plural
प्रवराःexcellent, foremost
प्रवराः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रवर
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
तेthey/those
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
सुसज्जाःwell-prepared/fully armed
सुसज्जाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसुसज्ज
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
दुर्योधनस्यof Duryodhana
दुर्योधनस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
अनुमतेwith the consent/permission
अनुमते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअनुमति
Formfeminine, locative, singular
पुरस्तात्in front/ahead
पुरस्तात्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरस्तात्
Formindeclinable (adverb)
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Cross References
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes