Shloka 4

Devanagari script

ततो धनंजय: क्रुद्ध: कृपं सह पदानुगै: । अवाकिरच्छरौचेण कृतवर्माणमेव च,तदनन्तर दूसरी ओर क्रोधमें भरे हुए अर्जुनने सेवकोंसहित कृपाचार्य और कृतवर्माको अपने बाण-समूहोंसे ढक दिया

Transliteration

tato dhanañjayaḥ kruddhaḥ kṛpaṃ saha padānugaiḥ | avākirac charaughena kṛtavarmāṇam eva ca ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: Then Dhanañjaya (Arjuna), inflamed with anger, showered Kr̥pa together with his attendants—and also Kr̥tavarmā—with a dense flood of arrows, covering them over.

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः
• Form: Avyaya (ablatival adverb)

• धनंजयः: Dhananjaya (Arjuna)
• धनंजयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धनंजय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• क्रुद्धः: angry
• क्रुद्धः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रुद्ध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कृपम्: Kripa
• कृपम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृप
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• सह: together with
• सह: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह
• Form: Avyaya (preposition-like)

• पदानुगैः: with followers/attendants (lit. those who follow the steps)
• पदानुगैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पदानुग
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• अवाकिरत्: showered, covered over
• अवाकिरत्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव√कॄ (किरति)
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular

• शरौघेण: with a mass/stream of arrows
• शरौघेण: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शरौघ
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• कृतवर्माणम्: Kritavarman
• कृतवर्माणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृतवर्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• एव: indeed, just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव
• Form: Avyaya

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च
• Form: Avyaya

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)
• Kr̥pa (Kr̥pācārya)
• Kr̥tavarmā
• arrows (śara)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how anger (krodha) intensifies violence in war: even a righteous hero, when provoked, may respond with overwhelming force. It implicitly warns that inner passions can eclipse discernment, making self-mastery ethically significant even amid kṣatriya duty.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya narrates that Arjuna, enraged, unleashes a heavy barrage of arrows, covering Kr̥pa along with his attendants and also Kr̥tavarmā, pressing them hard in the ongoing battle.