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Shloka 45

Book 9 (Śalya-parva), Adhyāya 13 — Arjuna’s Arrow-storm and the Drauṇi Confrontation

मद्रराजेन बलिना लाघवाच्छरवृश्टिभि: । चाल्यमान तु तं॑ दृष्टवा पाण्डवानां बलार्णवम्‌

madrarājena balinā lāghavāc charavṛṣṭibhiḥ | cālyamānaṃ tu taṃ dṛṣṭvā pāṇḍavānāṃ balārṇavam ||

Sañjaya said: Seeing that vast ocean of the Pāṇḍavas’ forces being shaken by the mighty king of Madra—who, with swift skill, poured down showers of arrows—

मद्रराजेनby the king of Madra
मद्रराजेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमद्रराज
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
बलिनाby the strong (one)
बलिना:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootबलिन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
लाघवात्from/owing to swiftness
लाघवात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootलाघव
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
शरवृष्टिभिःwith showers of arrows
शरवृष्टिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशरवृष्टि
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Plural
चाल्यमानम्being shaken/made to reel
चाल्यमानम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootचाल्यमान
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तम्him/that (one)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
पाण्डवानाम्of the Pandavas
पाण्डवानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
बलार्णवम्the ocean of (their) army/strength
बलार्णवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबलार्णव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
M
Madrarāja (Śalya)
M
Madra
P
Pāṇḍavas
A
arrows (śara)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights kṣatriya-dharma in its battlefield frame: disciplined skill (lāghava) and steadfast leadership can momentarily shake even a vast force; power is shown not only by numbers but by focused prowess and resolve.

Sañjaya describes Śalya, king of Madra, striking with rapid volleys of arrows. His assault causes the immense Pāṇḍava host—likened to an ocean—to waver and be thrown into motion under the pressure of his attack.