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Shloka 51

शल्यस्य पाण्डवसेनापीडनम् — Śalya’s Assault on the Pāṇḍava Host

with Omens and Bhīma’s Counter

स हत: प्रापतद्‌ राजन्‌ नकुलेन महात्मना । नदीवेगादिवारुग्णस्तीरज: पादपो महान्‌,महामनस्वी नकुलके हाथसे मारा जाकर सुषेण पृथ्वीपर गिर पड़ा, मानो नदीके वेगसे कटकर महान्‌ तटवर्ती वृक्ष धराशायी हो गया हो

sa hataḥ prāpatad rājan nakulena mahātmanā | nadīvegād ivārugṇas tīrajaḥ pādapo mahān ||

Sañjaya said: O King, struck down by the great-souled Nakula, he fell to the earth—like a mighty tree on a riverbank, torn from its base by the force of the current.

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हतःslain
हतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (kta)
प्रापतत्fell down
प्रापतत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
नकुलेनby Nakula
नकुलेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनकुल
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
महात्मनाby the great-souled (one)
महात्मना:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहात्मन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
नदीवेगात्from the river’s force/current
नदीवेगात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootनदीवेग
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
इवas if/like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
आरुग्णःbroken/torn off
आरुग्णः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआ-रुज्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (kta)
तीरजःbank-born; growing on the riverbank
तीरजः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतीरज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पादपःtree
पादपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपादप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महान्great
महान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
N
Nakula
S
Sūṣeṇa
R
river current
R
riverbank tree

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the fragility of worldly strength in war: even the mighty can fall instantly when confronted by superior force and circumstance. Ethically, it reflects the grim inevitability within kṣatriya-duty—combat brings swift, irreversible outcomes, urging sobriety about power and life.

Sañjaya reports to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Sūṣeṇa has been struck down by Nakula and collapses to the ground. The fall is compared to a large riverbank tree uprooted by a rushing current, emphasizing the violence and suddenness of the death.