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Mahabharata — Shalya Parva, Shloka 50

शल्यस्य पाण्डवसेनापीडनम् — Śalya’s Assault on the Pāṇḍava Host

with Omens and Bhīma’s Counter

तस्य तेन शिर: कायाज्जहार नृपसत्तम । पश्यतां सर्वसैन्यानां तदद्भुतमिवाभवत्‌,नृपश्रेष्ठ॒ उस बाणसे नकुलने सम्पूर्ण सेनाओंके देखते-देखते सुषेणका मस्तक धड़से काट गिराया। वह अद्भुत-सी घटना हुई

tasya tena śiraḥ kāyāj jahāra nṛpasattama | paśyatāṃ sarvasainyānāṃ tad adbhutam ivābhavat ||

Sañjaya said: With that arrow, O best of kings, he severed his head from his body before the eyes of all the armies; the deed appeared almost miraculous in its suddenness and force.

तस्यof him / his
तस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
तेनby him / with that
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
शिरःhead
शिरः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशिरस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कायात्from the body
कायात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootकाय
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
जहारtook away / removed
जहार:
TypeVerb
Rootहृ (√हृ)
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
नृपसत्तमO best of kings
नृपसत्तम:
TypeNoun (vocative address)
Rootनृपसत्तम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पश्यताम्of those watching
पश्यताम्:
Sambandha
TypeKridanta (present active participle used as noun)
Rootपश्यत् (from √पश्)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
सर्वसैन्यानाम्of all the armies
सर्वसैन्यानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वसैन्य
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
तत्that (event)
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अद्भुतम्wonderful, marvelous
अद्भुतम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअद्भुत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इवas if, like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अभवत्became / happened
अभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (√भू)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
N
Nakula
S
Suṣeṇa
A
arrow (bāṇa)
A
armies (sainyāni)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the stark immediacy of kṣatriya warfare: a single decisive strike can end a life and alter morale. Ethically, it reflects the Mahābhārata’s recurring tension between duty in battle and the tragic, awe-inspiring cost of violence.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Nakula, using an arrow, cuts off Suṣeṇa’s head from his body in full view of both armies, and the act is described as astonishing to behold.

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