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Shloka 41

Sauptika Parva, Adhyaya 8 — Dhṛṣṭadyumna-vadha and the Camp’s Nocturnal Rout

तथैव गुल्मे सम्प्रेक्ष्य शयानान्‌ मध्यगौल्मिकान्‌ | भ्रान्तान्‌ व्यस्तायुधान्‌ सर्वान्‌ क्षणेनैव व्यपोथयत्‌,इसी प्रकार खेमेमें मध्य श्रेणीके रक्षक सैनिक भी थककर सो रहे थे। उनके अस्त्र-शस्त्र अस्त-व्यस्त होकर पड़े थे। उन सबको उस अवस्थामें देखकर अभ्र॒त्थामाने क्षणभरमें मार डाला

tathaiva gulme samprekṣya śayānān madhyagaulmikān | bhrāntān vyastāyudhān sarvān kṣaṇenaiva vyapothayat ||

Sañjaya said: In the same way, after looking upon the guards stationed in the middle line of the camp—lying asleep from exhaustion, their weapons scattered in disorder—Aśvatthāmā, seeing them in that helpless state, cut them down in a single moment. The scene underscores the moral collapse of night warfare: victory is sought not through fair combat but through slaughter of the defenseless.

तथाthus, in the same way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
गुल्मेin the troop/encampment (formation)
गुल्मे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगुल्म
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
सम्प्रेक्ष्यhaving looked at, observing
सम्प्रेक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + प्र + ईक्ष्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
शयानान्lying down, sleeping
शयानान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशी (शेते) / शय
Formशानच् (present participle, Ātmanepada), Masculine, Accusative, Plural
मध्यगौल्मिकान्those in the middle of the troop/formation (middle-rank guards)
मध्यगौल्मिकान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमध्य + गौल्मिक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
भ्रान्तान्bewildered, exhausted, disoriented
भ्रान्तान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootभ्रान्त
Formक्त (past passive participle from भ्रम्), Masculine, Accusative, Plural
व्यस्तायुधान्with weapons scattered/disordered
व्यस्तायुधान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यस्त + आयुध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सर्वान्all
सर्वान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
क्षणेनin a moment, within an instant
क्षणेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
व्यपोथयत्he struck down, killed, destroyed
व्यपोथयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + अप + ऊथय् (causative of √ऊथ/√उथ?; epic usage)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Aśvatthāmā
G
gulma (camp-guard detachment)
M
madhyagaulmikāḥ (middle-line sentries/guards)
Ā
āyudha (weapons)