Shloka 11

Devanagari script

योडसौ राजा घृणी नित्य धार्तराष्ट्रबु भारत । निकृत्या भ्रंशित: क्रोधान्नोन्मीलयति लोचने

Transliteration

yo 'sau rājā ghṛṇī nityaṃ dhārtarāṣṭraṃ bharata | nikṛtyā bhraṃśitaḥ krodhān nonmīlayati locane ||

Translation

Vidura said: “That king—ever compassionate—O Dhṛtarāṣṭra, O Bhārata, has been driven from his rightful course by deceit; and, in anger, he will not even open his eyes.”

Word by Word

• यः: who
• यः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• असौ: that (man)
• असौ: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: असद्/अदस् (सर्वनाम)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• राजा: king
• राजा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• घृणी: compassionate, kind
• घृणी: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: घृणि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• नित्य: always, constant
• नित्य: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नित्य
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• धार्तराष्ट्रः: Dhritarashtra (son of Dhritarashtra)
• धार्तराष्ट्रः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धार्तराष्ट्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• भारत: O Bharata
• भारत: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारत
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• निकृत्या: by deceit, by treachery
• निकृत्या: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: निकृति
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• भ्रंशितः: made to fall, overthrown, ruined
• भ्रंशितः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भ्रंशित
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• क्रोधात्: from anger, out of anger
• क्रोधात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रोध
• Form: Masculine, Ablative, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• उन्मीलयति: opens (fully)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उन्मील्
• Form: Present, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• लोचने: eyes
• लोचने: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोचन
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Dual

Speaker

विदुर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vidura
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Bharata (Kuru lineage/epithet)
• the king (rājā; contextually a referenced ruler)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Vidura highlights how deceit (nikṛti) and anger (krodha) can overthrow even a naturally compassionate ruler, producing a kind of moral blindness—symbolized by refusing to open the eyes.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vidura addresses Dhṛtarāṣṭra (also called Bharata as a dynastic epithet) and comments on a king’s condition: though compassionate by nature, he has been destabilized by treachery and now, in anger, will not ‘open his eyes,’ implying refusal to see reason or truth.