Shloka 9

विदुर उवाच युधिष्ठिर विजानीहि ममेदं भरतर्षभ । नाधर्मेण जित: कश्चिद्‌ व्यथते वै पराजये,विदुर बोले--भरतकुलभूषण युधिष्ठिर! तुम मुझसे यह जान लो कि अधर्मसे पराजित होनेवाला कोई भी पुरुष अपनी उस पराजयके लिये दुःखी नहीं होता

vidura uvāca | yudhiṣṭhira vijānīhi mamedam bharatarṣabha | nādharmeṇa jitaḥ kaścid vyathate vai parājaye ||

Vidura said: “O Yudhiṣṭhira, bull among the Bharatas, understand this from me: no one who is defeated through adharma truly grieves over that defeat.”

विदुरःVidura
विदुरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविदुर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
युधिष्ठिरO Yudhishthira
युधिष्ठिर:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
विजानीहिknow, understand
विजानीहि:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormImperative, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
ममof me, my
मम:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
इदम्this (statement/point)
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
भरतर्षभO bull among the Bharatas
भरतर्षभ:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootभरतर्षभ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अधर्मेणby unrighteousness, through adharma
अधर्मेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअधर्म
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
जितःconquered, defeated
जितः:
TypeVerb
Rootजि
FormPast passive participle (kta), Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Passive (one who has been conquered)
कश्चित्anyone, any person
कश्चित्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकश्चित्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
व्यथतेis distressed, grieves
व्यथते:
TypeVerb
Rootव्यथ्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
पराजयेin defeat
पराजये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपराजय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
Bharatas (Bharata lineage)

Educational Q&A

Vidura teaches that a defeat inflicted through adharma does not morally diminish the defeated; the shame and burden belong to the one who wins by unrighteous means. Ethical evaluation depends on dharma, not merely on outward success.

In the Sabha Parva context of the dice-hall calamity, Vidura counsels Yudhiṣṭhira, reframing the Pāṇḍavas’ loss: since it occurred through deceit and injustice, it should not be taken as a true personal failure, but as evidence of the opponents’ adharma.