Shloka 20

एकैको ह्वात्र लभते सहस्रपरमां भृतिम्‌ । युध्यतो<्युध्यतो वापि वेतनं मासकालिकम्‌ । एतद्‌ राजन्‌ मम धन तेन दीव्याम्यहं त्वया,युधिष्ठिरने कहा--मेरे पास उतने ही अर्थात्‌ एक हजार रथ हैं, जिनकी ध्वजाओंमें सोनेके डंडे लगे हैं। उन रथोंपर पताकाएँ फहराती रहती हैं। उनमें सधे हुए घोड़े जोते जाते हैं और विचित्र युद्ध करनेवाले रथी उनमें बैठते हैं। उन रथियोंमेंसे प्रत्येकको अधिक-से- अधिक एक सहस््र स्वर्णमुद्राएँतक वेतनमें मिलती हैं। वे युद्ध कर रहे हों या न कर रहे हों, प्रत्येक मासमें उन्हें यह वेतन प्राप्त होता रहता है। राजन! यह मेरा धन है, इसे दाँवपर लगाकर मैं तुम्हारे साथ खेलता हूँ

ekāiko hvātra labhate sahasra-paramāṁ bhṛtim | yudhyato 'yudhyato vāpi vetanaṁ māsa-kālikam | etad rājan mama dhanaṁ tena dīvyāmy ahaṁ tvayā |

Yudhiṣṭhira said: “Here, each man receives a stipend whose maximum is a thousand. Whether he is fighting or not, his wages are paid monthly. O King, this is my wealth; staking it, I will gamble with you.”

एकैकःeach one (individually)
एकैकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएकैक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
अत्रhere
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
लभतेobtains/receives
लभते:
TypeVerb
Rootलभ्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
सहस्रपरमाम्having a thousand as the maximum
सहस्रपरमाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसहस्रपरमा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
भृतिम्wages/pay
भृतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभृति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
युध्यतःof one who is fighting
युध्यतः:
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
FormPresent active participle, Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
अयुध्यतःof one who is not fighting
अयुध्यतः:
TypeVerb
Rootअ-युध्
FormPresent active participle (negated), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
वेतनम्wage/salary
वेतनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवेतन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मासकालिकम्monthly (time-based)
मासकालिकम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमासकालिक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
ममmy/of me
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
धनम्wealth
धनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तेनwith that/by that
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
दीव्यामिI play (at dice)/I gamble
दीव्यामि:
TypeVerb
Rootदिव्
FormPresent, First, Singular, Parasmaipada
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
त्वयाwith you
त्वया:
Sahakari
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormInstrumental, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
K
King (addressed as rājan; in context, Dhṛtarāṣṭra/representative of the Kaurava court)
W
wages/stipend (vetana, bhṛti)
D
dice-game/gambling (dīvyāmi)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how wealth and institutional power (regular pay to warriors/retainers) can be treated as stake in reckless gambling, raising an ethical tension: royal resources meant for protection and order are being risked for a game, foreshadowing adharma and political collapse.

In the dice-hall episode of the Sabha Parva, Yudhiṣṭhira declares what he possesses and is willing to stake. He describes dependable, monthly-paid retainers/warriors and presents this as his wealth, which he now puts at risk in gambling with the opposing side.