Shloka 42

येषामामं च पक्‍वं च संविधत्ते युधिष्ठिर: । मेरे शत्रुओंके घरमें राजाओंद्वारा लाये हुए बहुत-से छोटे-बड़े उपहारोंको देखकर दुःखसे मुझे मरनेकी इच्छा होती थी। राजन! पाण्डवोंके वहाँ जिन लोगोंका भरण-पोषण होता है, उनकी संख्या मैं आपको बता रहा हूँ। राजा युधिष्ठिर उन सबके लिये कच्चे-पक्के भोजनकी व्यवस्था करते हैं || ४०-४१ $ ।। अयुतं त्रीणि पद्मानि गजारोहा: ससादिन:

yeṣām āmaṃ ca pakvaṃ ca saṃvidhatte yudhiṣṭhiraḥ | ayutaṃ trīṇi padmāni gajārohāḥ sasādinaḥ ||

Duryodhana said: “For all those people, King Yudhiṣṭhira provides both uncooked provisions and cooked meals. The number is vast: three ayutas and three padmas of warriors—elephant-riders together with horsemen.”

येषाम्of whom/whose
येषाम्:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Form—, षष्ठी, बहुवचन
आमम्raw (food)
आमम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootआम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसक, द्वितीया, एकवचन
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पक्वम्cooked (food)
पक्वम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootपक्व (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त-भाव)
Formनपुंसक, द्वितीया, एकवचन
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
संविधत्तेarranges/provides
संविधत्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + वि + धा (धातु)
Formलट् (वर्तमान), प्रथम, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद
युधिष्ठिरःYudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरः:
कर्ता
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
अयुतम्ten thousand
अयुतम्:
विशेषण/प्रमाण (संख्या)
TypeNoun
Rootअयुत (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसक, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
त्रीणिthree
त्रीणि:
विशेषण/प्रमाण (संख्या)
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसक, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन
पद्मानिpadmas (a very large number; lit. lotuses)
पद्मानि:
विशेष्य (संख्या-परिमाण)
TypeNoun
Rootपद्म (प्रातिपदिक; संख्या-परिमाणार्थे)
Formनपुंसक, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन
गजारोहाःelephant-riders
गजारोहाः:
कर्ता/विषय (गणना-विषय)
TypeNoun
Rootगजारोह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
together with
:
विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootस (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक; तद्-आदेश)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
सादिनःhorsemen/cavalry
सादिनः:
कर्ता/विषय (गणना-विषय)
TypeNoun
Rootसादिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

दुर्योधन उवाच

D
Duryodhana
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
P
Pāṇḍavas
K
kings (rājānaḥ, implied in the surrounding narrative)
G
gajārohāḥ (elephant-riders)
S
sādinaḥ (horsemen/cavalry)
Ā
āma (raw provisions)
P
pakva (cooked food)

Educational Q&A

The passage contrasts dharmic kingship—Yudhiṣṭhira’s large-hearted provision and hospitality—with adharma-driven emotion—Duryodhana’s envy and resentment. Ethical strength is shown not merely in wealth, but in using it to sustain others; moral failure appears when another’s virtue becomes a cause for hatred rather than inspiration.

In the Sabha Parva, Duryodhana describes to Dhṛtarāṣṭra the immense scale of Yudhiṣṭhira’s court and the Pandavas’ prosperity. He notes that Yudhiṣṭhira arranges both provisions and prepared meals for vast numbers, including military contingents (elephant-riders and cavalry), and this spectacle intensifies Duryodhana’s jealousy and antagonism.