Shloka 23

कि हि शक्‍यं मया कर्तु यद्‌ वृद्धानां त्वया नृप । पुरा कथयतां नून॑ न श्रुतं धर्मवादिनाम्‌,भीष्म! तुमने पहले बड़े-बूढ़े धर्मोपदेशकोंके मुखसे यदि यह धर्मसंगत बात, जिसे मैं अभी बताऊँगा नहीं सुनी, तो मैं क्या कर सकता हूँ?

ki hi śakyaṃ mayā kartuṃ yad vṛddhānāṃ tvayā nṛpa | purā kathayatāṃ nūna na śrutaṃ dharmavādinām, bhīṣma |

Shishupala said: “What indeed can I do, O king, if you—Bhīṣma—have surely not heard earlier from the mouths of aged elders, those expounders of dharma, this very point of righteousness that I am now about to state?”

kimwhat (indeed?)
kim:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkim
hiindeed, for
hi:
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi
śakyampossible
śakyam:
TypeAdjective
Rootśakya
Formneuter, nominative, singular
mayāby me
mayā:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootasmad
Forminstrumental, singular
kartumto do
kartum:
TypeVerb
Rootkṛ
Forminfinitive (tumun)
yatthat which
yat:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootyad
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
vṛddhānāmof the elders
vṛddhānām:
TypeNoun
Rootvṛddha
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
tvayāby you
tvayā:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad
Forminstrumental, singular
nṛpaO king
nṛpa:
TypeNoun
Rootnṛpa
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
purāformerly, earlier
purā:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpurā
kathayatāmthey relate / they were telling
kathayatām:
TypeVerb
Rootkathaya
Formpresent (laṭ), 3rd, plural, parasmaipada, active, genitive plural participial sense is also possible in context; here taken as finite 3pl 'they tell/relate'
nūnamsurely
nūnam:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnūnam
nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
śrutamheard
śrutam:
TypeVerb
Rootśru
Formpast passive participle (kta), neuter, nominative/accusative, singular
dharmavādināmof the speakers of dharma
dharmavādinām:
TypeNoun
Rootdharmavādin
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
bhīṣmaO Bhīṣma
bhīṣma:
TypeNoun
Rootbhīṣma
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

शिशुपाल उवाच

Ś
Śiśupāla
B
Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

Moral authority is traditionally grounded in hearing and learning from elders who expound dharma; Shishupala frames his argument as something any properly instructed elder like Bhishma should already know, using this to challenge Bhishma’s stance.

In the royal assembly context, Shishupala addresses Bhishma and questions how he (Shishupala) can be expected to act differently if Bhishma has not even heard—despite his age and status—the dharmic principle Shishupala is about to assert, sharpening the polemical tone of the debate.