Shloka 30

Sabhā-praveśa, Dāna, and the Courtly Convergence (सभा-प्रवेशः दानं च)

Devanagari script

आहुको विपृथुश्चैव गद: सारण एव च । अक्रूरः कृतवर्मा च सत्यकश्न शिने: सुत:

Transliteration

āhuko vipṛthuś caiva gadaḥ sāraṇa eva ca | akrūraḥ kṛtavarmā ca satyakaś ca śineḥ sutaḥ ||

Translation

Vaiśampāyana said: “Āhuka, Vipṛthu, and also Gada; likewise Sāraṇa; and Akrūra; and Kṛtavarmā; and Satyaka, the son of Śini.”

Word by Word

आहुकःAhuka (proper name)

विपृथुःVipṛthu (proper name)

चand

एवindeed/also

गदःGada (proper name)

सारणःSāraṇa (proper name)

एवalso

चand

अक्रूरःAkrūra (proper name)

कृतवर्माKṛtavarmā (proper name)

चand

सत्यकःSatyaka (proper name)

शिनेःof Śini

सुतःson

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

Vaiśampāyana

Āhuka

Vipṛthu

Gada

Sāraṇa

Akrūra

Kṛtavarmā

Satyaka

Śini

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Cross References

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse itself is primarily a roster, but its ethical import lies in how the epic frames dharma through networks of kinship and alliance: named elders, counsellors, and warriors represent the social and political forces whose choices—support, counsel, or neutrality—shape righteous or unrighteous outcomes in royal affairs.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana is listing notable Yādava/Vṛṣṇi figures—Āhuka, Vipṛthu, Gada, Sāraṇa, Akrūra, Kṛtavarmā, and Satyaka (identified as Śini’s son)—as part of a broader description of persons present/recognized in the Sabha context, establishing who the key participants and potential allies are.