Shloka 31

Devanagari script

त॑ राजानं तथा क्लान्तं दृष्टवा राजज्जनार्दन: । उवाच भीमकर्माणं भीम॑ सम्बोधयन्निव,राजन! उसे इस प्रकार थका देख भगवान्‌ श्रीकृष्ण भयानक कर्म करनेवाले भीमसेनको समझाते हुए-से बोले--

Transliteration

taṁ rājānaṁ tathā klāntaṁ dṛṣṭvā rājan-janārdanaḥ | uvāca bhīma-karmāṇaṁ bhīmaṁ sambodhayann iva ||

Translation

Seeing the king utterly wearied, Janārdana (Śrī Kṛṣṇa) spoke to Bhīma, doer of dreadful deeds, as though gently rousing and instructing him.

Word by Word

• तत्: then/thereupon
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तद्
• Form: indeclinable (adverbial use)

• राजानम्: the king
• राजानम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• तथा: thus/in that manner
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा
• Form: indeclinable

• क्लान्तम्: weary, exhausted
• क्लान्तम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्लान्त
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: absolutive (क्त्वा), indeclinable

• राजत्-जनार्दनः: Janārdana (Kṛṣṇa), the kingly one
• राजत्-जनार्दनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनार्दन
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• उवाच: said/spoke
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: perfect, 3rd person, singular

• भीमकर्माणम्: Bhīma (he) of terrible deeds
• भीमकर्माणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीमकर्मन्
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• भीमम्: Bhīma
• भीमम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीम
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• सम्बोधयन्: addressing, admonishing
• सम्बोधयन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्+बुध्
• Form: present active participle, masculine, nominative, singular

• इव: as if/like
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव
• Form: indeclinable

• राजन्: O king!
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

Speaker

श्रीकृष्ण उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Śrī Kṛṣṇa (Janārdana)
• Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
• the king (rājā) (context-dependent referent)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

In moments of fatigue and pressure, righteous action is sustained by clear-headed guidance. Kṛṣṇa’s speech posture—‘as if awakening’—highlights ethical leadership: restoring resolve and directing strength (Bhīma’s formidable power) toward dharma rather than impulsive reaction.

What is happening in the narrative?

Kṛṣṇa observes the king in a state of exhaustion and then addresses Bhīma. The verse functions as a transition into counsel: Kṛṣṇa prepares to steady Bhīma and shape the next course of action through instruction.