Shloka 30

Devanagari script

मन्त्रो रथन्तरं चैव हरिमान्‌ वसुमानपि । आदित्या: साधिराजानो नामद्वन्द्वैरुदाह्ता:,सामगानसम्बन्धी मन्त्र, रथन्तरसाम, हरिमान, वसुमान्‌, अपने स्वामी इन्द्रसहित बारह आदित्य, अग्नि-सोम आदि युगल नामोंसे कहे जानेवाले देवता,

Transliteration

mantro rathantaraṃ caiva harimān vasumān api | ādityāḥ sādhirājāno nāmadvandvair udāhṛtāḥ ||

Translation

Nārada said: “The Mantra, the Rathantara (Sāman), and also Harimān and Vasumān; and the Ādityas together with their sovereign (Indra) are spoken of by paired names. These are deities and sacred designations connected with Sāma-chanting, invoked through such dual appellations.”

Word by Word

मन्त्रःa mantra (hymn/formula)

रथन्तरम्Rathantara (a Sāman chant)

चand

एवindeed/also

हरिमान्Harimān (name/epithet; 'possessing tawny steeds')

वसुमान्Vasumān (name/epithet; 'possessing wealth')

अपिalso/even

आदित्याःthe Ādityas

साधिराजानःSādhirājas (a class/name of deities)

नामद्वन्द्वैःby name-pairs (dvandva-names)

उदाहृताःare mentioned/are called

Speaker

नारद उवाच

Characters & Entities

Nārada

Mantra

Rathantara (Sāman)

Harimān

Vasumān

Ādityas

Indra

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Cross References

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse emphasizes the sanctity and precision of Vedic invocation: divine powers and ritual principles are properly approached through established names and paired appellations, especially within the Sāma-chanting tradition.

What is happening in the narrative?

Nārada is listing or identifying sacred entities and Vedic-ritual designations—Mantras, a prominent Sāman (Rathantara), specific named powers (Harimān, Vasumān), and the Ādityas with Indra—describing how they are traditionally invoked and referred to.