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Shloka 30

क्षितिं गता जानुभिस्ते5थ वाहा हेमच्छन्नाश्षन्द्रमरीचिवर्णा: | ततोडन्तरिक्षे सुमहान्‌ निनाद: सम्पूजनार्थ मधुसूदनस्य

sañjaya uvāca |

kṣitiṃ gatā jānubhis te ’tha vāhā hema-channāś candramarīci-varṇāḥ |

tato ’ntarikṣe sumahān ninādaḥ sampūjanārthaṃ madhusūdanasya ||

Sañjaya said: Then the steeds—moonbeam-white and adorned with golden trappings—sank down upon the earth, bending their knees. At that moment a mighty roar resounded through the sky, as if to honor Madhusūdana (Kṛṣṇa). The scene signals not merely a turn in battle but a recognition of divine protection and rightful resolve amid the violence of war.

क्षितिम्the earth/ground
क्षितिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootक्षिति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
गताःhaving gone; gone down
गताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
जानुभिःwith (their) knees
जानुभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootजानु
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
तेthose; they
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
वाहाःhorses (draught-animals)
वाहाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवाह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
हेमच्छन्नाःcovered with gold
हेमच्छन्नाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहेम-छन्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
चन्द्रमरीचिवर्णाःhaving the color of moonbeams
चन्द्रमरीचिवर्णाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootचन्द्र-मरीचि-वर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ततःthen; thereupon
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
अन्तरिक्षेin the sky/atmosphere
अन्तरिक्षे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तरिक्ष
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
सुमहान्very great
सुमहान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-महत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निनादःroar; loud sound
निनादः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिनाद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सम्पूजनार्थम्for the purpose of honoring
सम्पूजनार्थम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्पूजन-अर्थ
मधुसूदनस्यof Madhusūdana (Kṛṣṇa)
मधुसूदनस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootमधुसूदन
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
M
Madhusūdana (Kṛṣṇa)
H
horses/steeds (vāhāḥ)
S
sky (antarikṣa)
E
earth (kṣiti)

Educational Q&A

Even amid the harshness of war, the text frames events through dharmic meaning: rightful protection and divine support are marked by auspicious signs, and honor is directed toward the upholder of dharma (here, Madhusūdana/Kṛṣṇa).

Sañjaya describes the chariot-team: Kṛṣṇa’s horses, adorned in gold and shining like moonbeams, sink to their knees as a great roar fills the sky—an acclamation interpreted as homage to Madhusūdana, signaling a moment of extraordinary (divinely charged) action on the battlefield.