Shloka 10

Devanagari script

दृष्टवा तयोस्तं युधि सम्प्रहारं परस्परस्यान्तरमीक्षमाणयो: । घोरं तयोर्दु्विषहं रणे<न्यै- योधा: सर्वे विस्मयम भ्यगच्छन्‌

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca | dṛṣṭvā tayos taṃ yudhi samprāhāraṃ parasparasyāntaram īkṣamāṇayoḥ | ghoraṃ tayor durviṣahaṃ raṇe 'nyair yodhāḥ sarve vismayam abhyagacchan ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: Seeing that mutual clash in battle—each watching for an opening against the other—and beholding their dreadful exchange of blows, unbearable for any other warrior to face, all the fighters standing on the battlefield were struck with astonishment.

Word by Word

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund), परस्मैपद-भावार्थ

• तयोः: of those two
• तयोः: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: common, Genitive, Dual

• तम्: that
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• युधि: in battle
• युधि: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: युध्
• Form: Feminine, Locative, Singular

• सम्प्रहारम्: the mutual striking/combat
• सम्प्रहारम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सम्प्रहार
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• परस्परस्य: of each other
• परस्परस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: परस्पर
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• अन्तरम्: the interval/opportunity
• अन्तरम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्तर
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• ईक्षमाणयोः: of the two who were watching/looking for
• ईक्षमाणयोः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: ईक्ष्
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान कृदन्त, Masculine, Genitive, Dual

• घोरम्: terrible
• घोरम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: घोर
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• तयोः: of those two
• तयोः: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: common, Genitive, Dual

• द्विषहम्: hard to endure (for others)
• द्विषहम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्विषह
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• रणे: in battle
• रणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• अन्यैः: by others / for others (contextually: for other warriors)
• अन्यैः: Karana
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective
• Root: अन्य
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• योधाः: warriors
• योधाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: योध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• विस्मयम्: astonishment
• विस्मयम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: विस्मय
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अभ्यगच्छन्: attained / came to (were struck with)
• अभ्यगच्छन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि + गम्
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• two warriors (unnamed in this verse)
• battlefield (raṇa/yuddha)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the extraordinary intensity of a duel: true martial excellence is shown not merely by force, but by alertness, timing, and the ability to find an opening—so much so that even seasoned warriors are left in awe.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya describes two champions locked in fierce close combat, each searching for a momentary vulnerability in the other; the terrifying exchange of blows amazes all the warriors watching on the battlefield.