Shloka 5
Devanagari script
एकं रथं सम्परिवार्य मृत्युं नयन्त्यनेके च रथा: समेता: । एकस्तथैकं रथिन रथाग्रयां- स्तथा रथश्चापि रथाननेकान्
Translation
Many chariot-warriors, gathered together, would surround a single chariot and send its fighter to death. And likewise, one chariot-hero would strike down another—and even many foremost chariot-warriors—making them travelers on the road to Yamaloka, the realm of Yama.
Word by Word
एकम्one (single)
एकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सम्परिवार्यhaving surrounded/encircled
सम्परिवार्य:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-परि-√वृ (वृणोति/वृणुते) / √वृ (to cover, surround)
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada/Atmanepada (gerund, voice-neutral in usage)
मृत्युम्death
मृत्युम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
नयन्तिthey lead/bring
नयन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root√नी (नयति)
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
अनेकेmany
अनेके:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनेक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
रथाःchariots
रथाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
समेताःassembled/together
समेताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-इ- (समेति) / समेता
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past participle)
एकःone (single person)
एकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाthus/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एकम्one
एकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रथिनम्charioteer/warrior in a chariot
रथिनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रथाग्रयान्foremost chariot-warriors (lit. chariot-foremost ones)
रथाग्रयान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथाग्रय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तथाlikewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
रथःa chariot
रथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
रथान्chariots
रथान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अनेकान्many
अनेकान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअनेक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes