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Shloka 9

कर्णवधोत्तरं शल्य-दुर्योधनसंवादः

Aftermath of Karṇa’s Fall: Śalya’s Address to Duryodhana

त्रयोदशेमा हि समा: सदा वयं त्वामन्वजीविष्म धनंजयाशया । काले वर्ष देवमिवोप्तबीजं तन्न: सर्वान्‌ नरके त्वं न्‍्यमज्ज:

trayodaśemā hi samāḥ sadā vayaṃ tvām anvajīviṣma dhanañjayāśayā | kāle varṣa devam ivoptabījaṃ tan naḥ sarvān narake tvaṃ nyamajjaḥ ||

Sañjaya said: “For these thirteen years we have sustained our lives only by placing our hope in you, O Dhanañjaya. Just as a sown seed endures, waiting for the timely rain-cloud, so did we endure; yet you have plunged all of us into hell—into grievous peril and despair.”

त्रयोदशthirteen
त्रयोदश:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रयोदश
Formfeminine, nominative, plural
इमाःthese
इमाः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formfeminine, nominative, plural
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
समाःyears
समाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसम
Formfeminine, nominative, plural
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
वयम्we
वयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formnominative, plural
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Formaccusative, singular
अनुafter/along, in dependence on
अनु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनु
अजीविष्मwe lived/survived
अजीविष्म:
TypeVerb
Rootजीव्
Formaorist (simple past), 1st, plural, parasmaipada
धनंजयO Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)
धनंजय:
TypeNoun
Rootधनंजय
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
आशयाby hope/with expectation
आशया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआशा
Formfeminine, instrumental, singular
कालेin (due) time
काले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
Formmasculine, locative, singular
वर्षrain (down)!
वर्ष:
TypeVerb
Rootवर्ष्
Formimperative, 2nd, singular, parasmaipada
देवम्the god (rain-god/cloud)
देवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
इवlike/as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
उप्तsown
उप्त:
TypeVerb
Rootवप्
Formkta (past passive participle), neuter, nominative, singular
बीजम्seed
बीजम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबीज
Formneuter, nominative, singular
तत्thus/that
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, nominative, singular
नःof us/our
नः:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formgenitive, plural
सर्वान्all
सर्वान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
नरकेin hell
नरके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनरक
Formmasculine, locative, singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Formnominative, singular
नियमज्जःyou plunged/sank (us)
नियमज्जः:
TypeVerb
Rootमज्ज्
Formimperfect (past), 2nd, singular, parasmaipada, नि

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical weight of leadership and reliance: when many endure hardship sustained by hope in a protector, failure or delay can feel like being cast into ‘hell’—a metaphor for collective ruin. It underscores accountability to those who depend on one’s promised support.

Sañjaya voices a bitter complaint to Dhanañjaya (Arjuna), saying that for thirteen years ‘we’ survived by hoping in him, like a seed waiting for timely rain; but now, through his action or inaction, all have been driven into extreme distress.