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Shloka 61

अध्याय ६० — कर्णस्य पाञ्चाल-सोमक-निग्रहः

Karna’s Suppression of the Panchala–Somaka Forces

दुःशासन: सौबलश्न गजानीकेन पाण्डवम्‌ । महता परिवार्यव क्षुद्रकैरभ्यताडयत्‌

sañjaya uvāca | duḥśāsanaḥ saubalena gajānīkena pāṇḍavam | mahatā parivārya vai kṣudrakair abhyatāḍayat ||

Sañjaya said: Duḥśāsana, together with Śakuni the son of Subala, surrounded the Pāṇḍava (Bhīmasena) with a great elephant-corps and then began to strike him repeatedly with volleys of arrows. The scene underscores how, in the frenzy of war, force and numbers are used to overwhelm a single foe—an image of adharma-driven hostility rather than fair combat.

दुःशासनःDuhshasana
दुःशासनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुःशासन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सौबलःSaubala (Shakuni)
सौबलः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसौबल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गजानीकेनwith an elephant-corps/elephant-army
गजानीकेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगजानीक
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
पाण्डवम्the Pandava (here: Bhima)
पाण्डवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
महताwith a great (force)
महता:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
परिवार्यhaving surrounded
परिवार्य:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-√वृ (वृणोति/वर्तते)
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), ल्यप्, Parasmaipada (usage)
क्षुद्रकैःwith petty/mean (warriors)
क्षुद्रकैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षुद्रक
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अभ्यताडयत्struck/assailed
अभ्यताडयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-√तड्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Duḥśāsana
Ś
Śakuni (Saubala)
S
Subala
B
Bhīmasena
P
Pāṇḍavas
E
Elephant-corps (gajānīka)
A
Arrows

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how adharma often expresses itself through intimidation and disproportionate force—many against one—contrasting with ideals of fair combat and restraint. It invites reflection on how power can be misused when driven by hostility rather than righteousness.

Sañjaya reports that Duḥśāsana, aided by Śakuni, encircles Bhīma with a large elephant contingent and begins a sustained arrow-assault, attempting to overwhelm him through numbers and tactical containment.