Shloka 33

Devanagari script

एवमुक्‍्त्वा महाराज सेनापतिरमर्षण:

Transliteration

evam uktvā mahārāja senāpatir amarṣaṇaḥ

Translation

Sanjaya said: Having spoken thus, O King, the commander of the army—burning with indignation—proceeded onward.

Word by Word

• एवम्: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम्
• Form: Avyaya (indeclinable)

• उक्त्वा: having said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (उच्)
• Form: Absolutive (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय), indeclinable; action prior to main verb

• महाराज: O great king
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाराज
• Form: Masculine, vocative singular

• सेनापतिः: the commander (of the army)
• सेनापतिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सेनापति
• Form: Masculine, nominative singular

• अमर्षणः: impatient / intolerant (of affront)
• अमर्षणः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अमर्षण
• Form: Masculine, nominative singular (agreeing with सेनापतिः)

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Mahārāja (Dhṛtarāṣṭra, implied)
• Senāpati (army commander, unspecified in this half-verse)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The line highlights a common epic ethical motif: speech in war is not merely descriptive but performative—words can ignite resolve or indignation, shaping action. It also cautions that amarṣa (indignation) can drive decisive leadership, yet it is a volatile force that must be governed by dharma.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya, reporting to the king, marks a transition: after delivering a statement or command, the army commander—described as indignant—moves to the next action in the battle sequence. The verse functions as a connective narrative hinge between speech and ensuing martial events.