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Shloka 30

अध्याय ५३ — रणमेघोपमा सेना-वर्णना तथा सुषेण-वधोत्तर प्रतिक्रिया

Battle-as-Storm Imagery and the Aftermath of Suṣeṇa’s Fall

तस्मिन्‌ हते महाराज त्रस्तास्तस्य पुरोगमा: । गौतम समरे त्यक्त्वा दुद्रुवुस्ते दिशो दश,महाराज! सुकेतुके मारे जानेपर उसके अग्रगामी सैनिक भयभीत हो समरांगणमें कृपाचार्यको छोड़कर दसों दिशाओंकी ओर भाग निकले

tasmin hate mahārāja trastās tasya purogamāḥ | gautamaṃ samare tyaktvā dudruvus te diśo daśa ||

Sañjaya said: “O King, when he was slain, the troops who had been advancing in his van were seized by panic. Abandoning Gautama (Kṛpācārya) on the battlefield, they fled in all ten directions.”

तस्मिन्in him/therein
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
हतेwhen (he was) slain
हते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootहन्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Locative, Singular
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
त्रस्ताःfrightened
त्रस्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रस्
Formक्त (past passive participle, used adjectivally), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
तस्यof him
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
पुरोगमाःthe vanguard/foremost followers
पुरोगमाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरोगम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
गौतमO Gautama (Kripa)
गौतम:
TypeNoun
Rootगौतम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
त्यक्त्वाhaving abandoned
त्यक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
दुद्रुवुःthey fled/ran
दुद्रुवुः:
TypeVerb
Rootद्रु
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
दिशःdirections
दिशः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदिश्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
दशten
दश:
TypeAdjective
Rootदशन्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address mahārāja)
G
Gautama (Kṛpācārya)
V
vanguard troops (purogamāḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how quickly morale collapses in war when a key figure falls: fear spreads, discipline breaks, and even respected leaders may be deserted. Implicitly it contrasts the ideal of steadfast kṣatriya conduct with the reality of panic-driven flight.

Sañjaya reports to the king that after a warrior was killed, the soldiers who had been leading the advance became terrified. They left Kṛpācārya (called Gautama) on the battlefield and scattered, fleeing in every direction.