Shloka 796
युधिष्ठिरस्य धनंजय-प्रति गर्हा
Yudhiṣṭhira’s Reproach to Dhanaṃjaya
Devanagari script
सैन्येन रजसा व्याप्ते स्वे स्वाउ्जघ्नु: परे परान् इस प्रकार हाथी
Translation
Sañjaya said: When that battle—slaughtering elephants, horses, and men—began, the dust raised by the soldiers blanketed the whole region. In that murk of dust, friend and foe were confounded, and warriors on both sides fell to killing even their own.
Word by Word
सैन्येनby the army (soldiers)
सैन्येन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
रजसाby dust
रजसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरजस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
व्याप्तेwhen (it/that region) was pervaded/covered
व्याप्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootव्याप्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
स्वेin/among one’s own (side)
स्वे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
स्वtheir own (men)
स्व:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
उजघ्नुःthey struck/killed
उजघ्नुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural
परेthe others (the enemy side)
परे:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
परान्others (opponents)
परान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes