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Shloka 106

कर्णेन व्यूहविधानम् — Karṇa’s Battle Formation and the Pāṇḍava Counter-Plan

Adhyāya 31

ताभ्यामतीत्य तौ भागौ निहता मम शत्रव: । 'पृथ्वीपते! इस प्रकार मेरी सेनाके ये नौ भाग किये गये थे। अब यहाँ भीष्म तथा महात्मा द्रोणाचार्यका भाग नहीं रह गया है। उन दोनोंने उनके लिये निर्धारित भागोंसे और आगे बढ़कर मेरे शत्रुओंका संहार किया है

tābhyām atītya tau bhāgau nihatā mama śatravaḥ |

Sanjaya said: Surpassing even those two allotted divisions, my enemies were struck down. That is, Bhishma and the great-souled Drona did not remain confined to the portions assigned to them in the battle-array; going beyond their designated sectors, they carried out a sweeping slaughter of the opposing warriors.

ताभ्याम्beyond those two / surpassing those two
ताभ्याम्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formfeminine, instrumental, dual
अतीत्यhaving passed beyond
अतीत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअति-इ (अत्येति)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), active
तौthose two
तौ:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, accusative, dual
भागौtwo portions / shares
भागौ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभाग
Formmasculine, accusative, dual
निहताःslain / killed
निहताः:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-हन्
Formक्त (past passive participle), masculine, nominative, plural
ममof me / my
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formgenitive, singular
शत्रवःenemies
शत्रवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
Formmasculine, nominative, plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīṣma
D
Droṇācārya
P
Pṛthvīpati (king; address in the prose context)

Educational Q&A

Even carefully assigned plans and boundaries in conflict can be overridden by force, urgency, and capability; the verse underscores how exceptional warriors can reshape the battlefield, raising ethical questions about restraint versus necessity in war.

Sañjaya reports that the opposing warriors were cut down after Bhīṣma and Droṇa moved beyond their allotted sectors in the formation, extending their action past the planned divisions and inflicting heavy losses.