Shloka 51
Karna Reproves Shalya; Brahmin Reports on Bāhlīkas; Shalya’s Universalizing Rebuttal (कर्ण–शल्य संवादः)
Devanagari script
न हि मां समरे सोदुं संशक्तोडग्निं तरुर्यथा । अवश्यं तु मया वाच्यं येन हीनो5स्मि फाल्गुनात्
Translation
As a tree cannot endure the assault of fire, so Arjuna cannot withstand my onrush in battle. Yet whatever it is in which I fall short of Phalguna, that too must surely be told to me.
Word by Word
nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
hiindeed/for
hi:
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi
māmme
mām:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootasmad
FormAccusative, Singular
samarein battle
samare:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootsamara
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
soḍhumto endure/bear
soḍhum:
TypeVerb
Rootsah
FormInfinitive (tumun)
saṁśaktaḥbeing engaged/locked (in combat)
saṁśaktaḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootsaṁśakta
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
agniṁfire
agniṁ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootagni
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
taruḥa tree
taruḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Roottaru
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
yathāas/just as
yathā:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā
avaśyamcertainly/necessarily
avaśyam:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootavaśyam
tubut/however
tu:
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu
mayāby me
mayā:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootasmad
FormInstrumental, Singular
vācyamto be said/should be stated
vācyam:
TypeAdjective
Rootvācya
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
yenaby which/whereby
yena:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootyad
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
hiindeed/for
hi:
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi
hīnaḥinferior/deficient
hīnaḥ:
TypeAdjective
Roothīna
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
asmiI am
asmi:
TypeVerb
Rootas
FormPresent (Lat), 1st, Singular
phālgunātfrom Phālguna (Arjuna)
phālgunāt:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootphālguna
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
Speaker
कर्ण उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes